不同降水年型对马铃薯水分利用效率及水分生产潜力开发的影响—以武川县为例  

Effects on Water Use Efficiency of Potato and Development of Water Potential Productivity in Different Precipitation Years —A Case of Wuchuan County

作　　者：张璐阳[1,2] 潘志华[2,3] 孙彦坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学资源与环境学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [3]农业部呼和浩特重点野外科学观测试验站,内蒙古武川011705

出　　处：《中国马铃薯》2013年第2期65-71,共7页Chinese Potato Journal

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD09B02);国家重大科学研究计划"973"项目(2012CB956204);国家自然科学基金项目(41271110)

摘　　要：基于田间试验数据,研究降水对武川县马铃薯水分利用效率及水分生产潜力的影响,为农牧交错带马铃薯产业可持续发展与生态建设提供科学依据。试验采用由低到高11个不同肥力梯度处理,测量马铃薯每个生育期内耗水量及产量,应用农业生态区域法计算当地马铃薯水分生产潜力。研究表明:丰水年(2008)旱平地马铃薯水分利用效率平均值为48.3 kg/hm2.mm,而旱坡地只有36.8 kg/hm2.mm,平地水分利用效率是坡地的1.3倍。枯水年(2009)旱平地水分利用效率平均为33.3kg/hm.2mm,旱坡地平均为22.1kg/hm.2mm,平地水分利用效率是坡地的1.5倍。2008年马铃薯水分生产潜力为5079.8kg/hm(2干物质),2009年为4146.8kg/hm(2干物质)。丰水年旱平地马铃薯平均开发度为76%,旱坡地为46%。合理配合水肥及田间管理,会使武川县马铃薯生产具有一定的提高潜力。Impacts of precipitation on water use efficiency （WUE） and water potential productivity of potato were studied via field trial in Wuchuan County to provide a scientific base for sustainable development and eco-regional agdcultu ral building. Water consumption of potato in each growth period was measured in 11 different fertility treatments and water potential productivity was calculated by using agro-ecological zone method recommended by FAO. The results showed that different topography and soil fertility levels had significanteffects on WU E and waterpotential productivitydevelopmentdegree. In 2008 （wetyear）, the mean value ofthe W U E of potato in arid fiatfield was 48.3 kg/ha, m m, while in arid sloping field was 36.8 kg/ha · m m, the W U E in flatfield being 1.3 times morethan in slopingarea.Andin2009（dryyear）,themean value of WUEofpotato in arid flatfieldwas33.3 kg/ha, mm, whilein arid sloping field was 22.1 kg/ha · mm, WUE in flat field being 1.5 times more than in sloping area. The water potential productivity of potatowas 5079.8 kg/ha （dry matter） and 4146.8 kg/ha （dry matter） in 2008 and 2009, respectively. In 2008, the averagedevelopment degrees were 76% and 46% in fiat and slope field, respectively. It is suggested that fertilizer application and field management should be carded out reasonably in order to increase the production of potato in Wuchuan County.

关 键 词：马铃薯 水分生产潜力 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]