猕猴桃溃疡病防治药剂的室内毒力及田间防治效果  

Indoor Toxicity and Field Efficacy of Fungicides on Bacterial Canker for Kiwifruit

作　　者：高蓬明[1,2] 王瑞[1,2] 马立志[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]贵阳学院食品与制药工程学院,贵州贵阳550003 [2]贵州省果品加工工程技术研究中心,贵州贵阳550003

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2013年第4期85-88,共4页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省教育厅自然科学重点项目"修文猕猴桃溃疡病病害防控技术研究"[黔教ZY字(2011)3118];贵阳市现代农业与农村科技计划"修文地区猕猴桃重大病害病原菌分离;鉴定及防控研究"[筑科合同(2011102)1-08];贵阳市科技重大专项"贵阳市猕猴桃产业化关键技术集成与应用研究"[筑科合同(20120402)]

摘　　要：为筛选出更多防效较好的药剂供生产上应用,采用抑菌圈法和喷雾+涂抹+刮除病斑相结合的方法测定了20种杀菌剂对猕猴桃溃疡病病菌的室内毒力,进行了田间防效试验。结果表明:20种杀菌剂中,有11种药剂对猕猴桃溃疡病病菌具有抑菌作用,其作用依次为20%溴硝醇>72%硫酸链霉素>64%恶霜.锰锌>75%百菌清>80%代森.锰锌>30%乙蒜素>80%代森锌>50%克菌丹>25%溴菌腈>78%波尔.锰锌>3%中生菌素,其中,7种商品杀菌剂表现出较高毒力,以20%溴硝醇的毒力最强,EC50为0.000 2mg/mL;其余依次为72%硫酸链霉素(0.003 0mg/mL)、64%恶霜.锰锌(0.003 2mg/mL)、75%百菌清(0.042 0mg/mL)、80%代森.锰锌(0.083 0mg/mL)、30%乙蒜素(0.159 3mg/mL)和80%代森锌(0.365 3mg/mL)。田间药效试验中,20%溴硝醇1 000倍液、72%硫酸链霉素1 000倍液、64%恶霜.锰锌500倍液、75%百菌清500倍液、80%代森.锰锌500倍液和30%乙蒜素800倍液田间防效较好,可作为防治猕猴桃溃疡病的有效药剂在生产上应用。The indoor toxicity and field efficacy of 20 fungicides against bacterial canker for kiwifruit were determined by means of inhibition zone method and spraying＋coating＋ striking off scraps to screen more and more fungicides with better control efficacy. The results showed that 11 fungicides could inhibit the pathogenic bacteria of kiwifruit. Seven commercial fungicides were effective. Among them, 20% bronopol exhibited much stronger inhibition activity （EC50 0. 0002 mg/mL） than other fungicides, followed by 72% agricultural streptomycin （0. 0030 mg/mL）, 64% oxadixyl mancozeb（0. 0032 mg/mL）, 75% chlorothalonil（0. 0420 mg/mL）, 80% mancozeb（0. 0830 mg/mL）, 30% ethylicin（0. 1593 mg/mL）, 80% Zineb （0. 3653）. The results of field trails on controlling efficacy showed that 1000 times liquid of 20%bronopol, 1000 times liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin, 500 times liquid of 64% oxadixyl mancozeb, 500 times liquid of 75% chlorothalonil, 500 times liquid of 80% mancozeb and 800 times liquid of 30% ethylicin exhibited significant controlling efficacy. In conclusion, the seven commercial fungicides could be regarded available for kiwifruit canker.

关 键 词：猕猴桃溃疡病 杀菌剂 室内毒力 防治效果 

分 类 号：S436.634.19[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]