实蝇幼虫人工饲料配方研究进展及其营养分析  

Research advances and nutrition analysis of the artificial diets for Tephritid fruit flies

作　　者：陈毅超[1] 陈玲[1] 商晗武[1] 朱聪英 

机构地区：[1]中国计量学院生命科学学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]浙江省兽药饲料监察所

出　　处：《植物检疫》2013年第3期13-19,共7页Plant Quarantine

基　　金：浙江省重大农业科研专项(2006C12020);浙江省重点科技创新团队项目(2010R50028)

摘　　要：由于实蝇人工饲料配方的多样性和复杂性,使得国内对其研究较国外存在着一定差距。本文将昆虫饲料配方划分为主剂、填充剂、酸度调节剂及防腐剂,并对国内外通用的实蝇幼虫饲料进行比较研究,结果表明:酵母与蔗糖是所有配方不可缺的主剂,在饲料中的比例一般不超过25%,有的甚至更低。而经统一饲料营养换算标准换算分析了桔小实蝇9个典型饲料配方结果表明:氨基酸可分为差异显著的4个数量级,而B族维生素和矿物元素可分为3个数量级,并推断桔小实蝇对氨基酸种类的需求比其含量更为重要,但B族维生素则正好相反,这为未来桔小实蝇幼虫人工饲养营养需求评估提供良好的理论依据。Because of the complexity and diversity of the artificial diets used to rear tephritid fruit flies, there has been a significant research gap in their formulations and nutritional requirements between China and the rest of the world. This paper reviews relevant literature in artificial diets for tephritid fruit flies popularly used in the world. Generally, the artificial diets consist of main materials （i.e., sugar and yeast）, auxiliaries, acidulants, preservatives and water. Our analyses of the published data show that although both sugar and yeast are indispensable in the diets, they usually account for less than 25% of the main materials. We further calculated the nutrition components of nine published artificial diets for the oriental fruit fly, and found that the amino acid contents vary significantly with up to four orders of magnitude and so do vitamins B and mineral elements with up to three orders of magnitude. Our analyses suggest that the variety rather than amount of amino acids is critical for the artificial diets. For vitamins B, however, the quantity is likely to more critical than the amino acid contents. Our analyses provide critical information for assessing nutritional requirements for the artificial diets oftephritid fruit flies.

关 键 词：实蝇 饲料 配方 营养 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]