血中游离DNA与肿瘤  

Circulating nucleic acid and cancer

作　　者：王庆琳[1] 张荣[2] 肖莉[1,3] 王伟大[4] 孙爱娟[1] 李凯[1] 顾振纶[4] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学药学院分子诊断与生物制药实验室,江苏苏州215000 [2]苏州大学附属第二医院妇产科,江苏苏州215004 [3]苏州大学附属第二医院分子医学中心,江苏苏州215004 [4]苏州中药研究所,江苏苏州215000

出　　处：《中国药理学通报》2013年第3期307-310,共4页Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(No2008AA02Z436);国家自然科学基金资助项目(No30970877)

摘　　要：血中游离DNA指血中游离于细胞之外的一类DNA,简称循环核酸,于1947年由Mandel和Metais发现。肿瘤患者外周血DNA水平高于正常人且血中游离DNA具有肿瘤细胞DNA的特征,如肿瘤相关基因的突变、微卫星改变、甲基化异常和线粒体DNA突变等。随着肿瘤分子生物学的深入研究,血中游离DNA定性定量分析已开始应用于肿瘤的早期诊断、个体化治疗和预后判断等。血中游离DNA结合各类分子生物学检测技术,有望成为具有一定敏感性及高特异性的临床诊断方法。此外,血中游离DNA还有可能成为非细胞形式的肿瘤转移的新途径。Cell free DNA in the blood circulating system,the circulating nucleic acids,were found by Mandel and Metais in 1947.It has been demonstrated that the level of tumor DNA in peripheral blood of patients is higher than that in healthy individuals,and then circulating DNA was found to be the same as those in the primary tumor.Such as carcinogenetic mutations,abnormalities of microsatellites,and methylation of genes,mitochondrial mutations.With the progress in molecular biology of tumor,the qualitative and quantitative analyses of the cell free DNA in the blood have been used in the early diagnosis of cancer,individualized therapy,prognosis,etc.Genetic analysis of circulating DNA is expected to become a relatively sensitive,highly specific method for clinical diagnostics.Additionally,circulating nucleic acids may be a non-cell form of metastasis of cancer.

关 键 词：游离DNA 肿瘤 基因突变 肿瘤转移 肿瘤检测 线粒体DNA 

分 类 号：R342.3[医药卫生—基础医学] R730.26