陕西西安市2235名学龄前儿童乳牙列错合畸形发病情况调查  

Prevalence of Malocclusion and its Associated Factors among Preschool Children in Xi’an,China:An Epidemiological Study of Primary Dentition

作　　者：周志斐[1] 沈舒宁[1] 刘芬[1] 尚临娟[1] 段多默[1] 邬礼政[1] 葛鑫[1] 王小竞[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学口腔医学院儿童口腔科,陕西西安710032

出　　处：《现代生物医学进展》2013年第10期1899-1902,1898,共5页Progress in Modern Biomedicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(30973315)

摘　　要：目的:乳牙列错合畸形因为对恒牙列影响显著,近年来越来越多受到学者的关注。而近年来国内外与此相关的文献报道不多且数据老旧。本研究通过流行病学调查了解陕西西安市学龄前儿童乳牙列错合畸形发病情况。方法:由经培训的儿童口腔科专科医师评估受检儿童错合畸形发病情况同时明确口颌系统不良习惯同乳牙列儿童错合畸形发病率间的相关关系。卡方检验用于数据的进一步统计学分析。结果:2235名学龄前乳牙列儿童纳入调查样本,样本人群66.31%表现有一种或多种错合畸形。进一步统计学分析结果提示,吐舌、口呼吸、下颌前伸及吮指等不良习惯同错合畸形的发病呈正相关。结论:西安地区学龄前乳牙列儿童错合畸形的发病率较高。须给予早期关注并采取相关措施以降低其发病情况,同时制定相应的口腔公共健康政策以对疾病开展针对性预防干预措施从而达到早发现,早治疗的目的。Objective： Malocclusion in primary dentition had a significant impact on permanent dentition;as a result,it attracted the attentions of many scholars.However articles focused on this fields were few and old.The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence and some associated factors of malocclusion among children in primary dentition in Xi’an,China.Methods： We assessed the malocclusion traits among samples with trained clinicians,and then further evaluated some possible related factors through clinical examination and questionnaires designed for parents.Chi-square test was used in the data analysis.Results： The sample comprised 2235 preschool children.67.82% of them were reported to have one or more types of malocclusion.The following variables were associated with malocclusion： tongue thrusting,mouth breathing,mandibular protraction and finger sucking.Conclusion： The incidence of malocclusion in Xi’an was higher than other parts of China;as a result,it was very important to pay early attention to the development of children’s oral system and give some related interfering methods to reduce its prevalence.In the mean time policies for oral public health should be carried out to perform preventive strategies;thus to achieve the aim of early diagnose and early treatment.

关 键 词：流行病学调查 横断面分析 错合畸形 乳牙 发病率 

分 类 号：R788[医药卫生—口腔医学]