湖北省莲藕氮肥合理用量与运筹方式研究  

A study of rational nitrogen fertilization rates and assignment on rhizome lotus in Hubei province

作　　者：刘冬碧[1] 范先鹏[1] 杨利[1] 张富林[1] 张过师[2] 胡中立[3] 熊桂云[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所,湖北武汉430064 [2]中国科学院武汉植物园,湖北武汉430074 [3]武汉大学生命科学学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2013年第2期66-71,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD27B02);湖北省农业科技创新项目(2011-620-003-03-05);国际植物营养研究所(IPNI-HB-24)项目

摘　　要：采用田间小区试验研究了莲藕氮肥合理用量与运筹方式,结果表明:在理论产量处于29 000～32 000 kg/hm2范围且基本相等的条件下,采用线性+平台模型得到的莲藕临界施氮量(350～417 kg/hm2),低于用二次型模型得到的莲藕最佳经济施氮量(469～604 kg/hm2),根据湖北莲藕生产和施肥现状,以及藕田土壤氮素肥力水平,提出湖北莲藕氮肥(N)合理用量为300～375 kg/hm2。氮肥运筹可采用"40%基肥+20%立叶肥+40%坐藕肥"和"60%出叶肥+20%立叶肥+20%坐藕肥"2种分配方式,前者适用于在4月上、中旬莲藕移栽之前施基肥的藕田,后者适用于在莲藕抽出2～3片立叶后才施第一次肥的藕田。Rational nitrogen （N） fertilizer application rate and assignment on rhizome lotus were studied by field experi- ments. Results showed that under an almost equal theoretical rhizome lotus yield of 29 000 - 32 000 kg/hm2, the critical value of N application rate that determined by linear ＋ plateau model （350 -417 kg/hm2） was greatly lower than the opti- mum economic N application rate that determined by quadratic model （469 -604 kg/hm2）. Taken the present status of rhi- zome lotus production, fertilization of farmer practice and lotus field soil N fertility into consideration, rational N application rates on rhizome lotus in Hubei province were suggested to be 300 ~ 375 kg/hm2. Two rational N fertilizer assignment styles were proposed, one was ＂40% basal fertilizer ＋ 20% top-dressing in early June ＋ 40% top-dressing in late June or early Ju- ly＂, the other was ＂60% top-dressing in early or middle May ＋ 20% top-dressing in early June ＋ 20% top-dressing in late June or early July＂. The former was suitable for lotus field where the basal fertilizers were applied just before rhizome lotus transplanting in early or middle April, and the latter was suitable for lotus field where the first fertilizers application was con- ducted after 2 - 3 standing leaves developed.

关 键 词：莲藕 氮肥 合理用量 合理运筹方式 

分 类 号：S645.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]