早期运动训练改善新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤远期预后的研究  

Early physical training improves long-lasting prognosis following hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats

作　　者：李宏[1] 欧阳福连[1] 周细中[1] 方素珍[1] 蔡颖谦 吴秋萍[1] 曾其毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学珠江医院儿科中心,广州510282 [2]神经外科、广东神经外科研究所、广东省脑功能修复与再生重点实验室

出　　处：《中华神经医学杂志》2013年第5期459-465,共7页Chinese Journal of Neuromedicine

摘　　要：目的探讨早期运动训练对新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤远期神经功能、病理改变、空间学习记忆能力、感觉运动功能、超微结构的影响。方法90只7d龄SD大鼠按随机数字表法分为康复组、对照组和假手术组，每组各30只。康复组和对照组制备成新生儿缺氧缺血性脑损伤模型，且康复组于缺氧缺血性脑损伤后7d开始每天给予抓握、旋转、行走、平衡等训练。4周后对各组大鼠进行神经功能评分，尼氏染色计数海马CA1区和皮层神经元数量，并检测突触素、c-fos表达水平；水迷宫及感觉运动功能测检测各组大鼠空间学习记忆能力和感觉运动功能，透射电镜观察海马和皮层突触和神经元超微结构变化。结果在运动训练时第14、21、28天康复组大鼠的神经功能评分和假手术组大鼠的神经功能评分均明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。对照组大鼠左侧海马CA1区及皮层尼氏染色阳性神经元数目较康复组和假手术组明显减少，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。康复组大鼠海马CA1区和皮层突触素、c-fos表达水平明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。康复组大鼠空间学习记忆能力、皮层感觉运动功能均明显优于对照组，差异有统计学意义P〈0．05）。透射电镜下显示对照组大鼠海马和皮层突触损伤严重，神经毡区突触减少，突触前膨大肿胀、轮廓不清晰，突触小泡溶解、空泡形成，突触后致密区变薄、薄厚不均，而康复组未见明显异常。结论早期运动训练可减少缺氧缺血性脑损伤后海马和皮层神经元损伤，增强突触可塑性，从而改善远期神经功能，突触素和c-fos在海马和皮层表达增强可能是其改善的机制之一。Objective To investigate the effect of early physical training on long-lasting neurological fi.mction, pathology changes, spatial learning and memory abilities, sensorimotor function and ultrastructure changes in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage （HIBD）. Methods Ninety 7-day-old sprague-dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups： a group that was subjected to left carotid ligation followed by 2 hours hypoxic stress （vehicle group）, a group that received physical trainings （grabbing, rotation, walking and balance） 1 weeks after HIBD event （trained group） and a sham-operated group that was subjected to a sham-operation without ligation and hypoxic stress （n=30）. Following four weeks of physical trainings, neurological scale was performed on all the rats; the number of neurons in the CA1 region ofhippocampus and cortex forehead was measured by Nissl count; the expression levels of synaptophysin and c-fos were examined; Morris water maze tests and cortex sensorimotor tests were performed to detect the spatial learning and memory abilities and sensory functions; transmission electron microscope was employed to observe the synapses and neuronal ultrastructure. Results As compared with those in the vehicle group, the neurological scale scores were significantly increased in the trained group and the sham-operated group 14, 21 and 28 days aftertrainings （P〈0.05）. As compared with those in the vehicle group, the number of neurons in the left hippocampal CA1 area and cortex increased in the trained group and sham-operated group （P〈0.05）. The expressions of synaptophysin and c-fos in the trained group increased significantly as compared with those in the vehicle group （P〈0.05）. As compared with those in the vehicle group, the spatial learning and memory abilities and sensorimotor functions in the trained group were significantly increased （P〈0.05）. The ultrastructure of the left hippocampus and cortex was remarkably abnormal in the vehicle group by the tr

关 键 词：缺氧缺血性脑损伤 早期运动训练 远期预后 新生大鼠 

分 类 号：R742[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]