“最理想人性”:伦理批判中的至善追求——鲁迅“改造国民性”思想的伦理学阐释  

Ideal Humanity" as Highest Goal of Ethical Criticism: An Ethical Interpretation of Lu Xun's Idea of "Reforming the National Character

作　　者：叶继奋[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学教师教育学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《浙江师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第3期13-18,共6页Journal of Zhejiang Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：浙江省教育厅重点科研项目"置于文学人学维度的鲁迅经典大众传播研究"(Z200907426)

摘　　要："国民性"指的是人性在一定的历史阶段和特定的区域文化条件下形成的与普泛性概念同中有异的民族性特征,可置于伦理学范畴进行评判。鲁迅站在20世纪人类文明高度,通过对中国社会各个历史时期、各个阶层关系以及国民心理的观察,反省本民族文化传统规约下"人的伦理行为事实如何之本性"以及伦理行为的心理动因。鲁迅"改造国民性"思想具有现代伦理学的科学依据:人性的质遵守恒有恒无定律,人性的量在一定限度内却是不守恒的。鲁迅毕生致力于国民性中恶德的伦理批判,集中体现了他为实现人类自我至善目标的孜孜追求。＂National character＂ refers to the humanity formed in specific historical background and re- gional culture that is more different from than similar to the universal concept of humanity. Such national char- acter can be studied in the category of ethics. Starting from the 20th-century human probes into Chinese people＇ s ethical behavior and its psychological motivation through civilization, Lu Xun his observation of the various historical periods, social relations and national psychology of the Chinese society. Judging from modem ethics, his idea of ＂reforming the national character＂ is scientifically rooted ： while humanity follows the law of conservation in its quality, to certain degree it does not obey the latter as far as its quantity is concerned. Lu Xun＇ s lifelong criticism of the evil side of the national character reflects his relentless pursuit of the perfection of human nature.

关 键 词：国民性 改造 伦理批判 最理想人性 至善追求 

分 类 号：I206.6[文学—中国文学]