抗植物病原真菌紫叶小檗内生真菌的筛选和鉴定  

Screening and Identification of Endophytic Fungi with Antifungal Activities on Pathogenic Fungi from Berberis thunbergii cv. atropurpurea

作　　者：杨润亚[1] 陈刚[1] 陈瑞娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学生命科学学院,山东烟台264025

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2013年第2期401-406,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金(BS2010NY003)

摘　　要：对紫叶小檗根、茎、叶和果实中分离纯化得到的28株内生真菌进行液体培养,培养物烘干研磨后用丙酮浸提,测定各提取物对5种供试植物病原真菌的抑菌活性,对抗菌谱较广的菌株进行分子鉴定,并分别测定其胞内、胞外代谢产物的抑菌活性。结果显示:(1)紫叶小檗25株内生真菌中有5株菌(R3、S4、L6、F2、F6)的抗菌谱较广,其中,茎中的内生菌S4抑菌活性最强,对5种植物病原真菌的抑菌活性均大于90%,对马铃薯干腐病菌的抑菌率最高达93.06%。(2)经鉴定S4为子囊菌门的Paraphaeosphaeria属真菌。(3)S4菌丝体丙酮提取液对马铃薯干腐病菌的抑菌率随其浓度(加入体积)的增加而增大,呈正相关线性关系(y=15.334x+14.618,r=0.99),而S4发酵液对马铃薯干腐病菌的抑菌率随其浓度(加入体积)的增加而减小,呈负相关线性关系(y=-20.196x+64.984,r=0.99),即在较高浓度时促进病原菌生长。研究表明,紫叶小檗内生真菌S4菌株的抑菌活性成分主要为胞内代谢产物。28 endophytic fungi isolated from the root,stem,leaf and fruit of Berberis thunbergii cv.atropurpurea were cultivated in liquid medium and the cultures were dried,grinded,and then extracted with acetone.The antifungal activities of the acetone extracts to five species of botanical pathogenic fungi were tested.The strain with wider antimicrobial spectrum was identified by molecular biological technology.The antifungal activities of the strain＇s mycelia and fermentation broth were determined respectively.The results showed that：（1）Five endophytic fungi（R3,S4,L6,F2 and F6） has a wider antifungal spectrum in the tested endophytic fungi that isolated from B.thunbergii cv.atropurpurea.The S4 strain that isolated from the stem exhibit the best antifungal activity,which provided more than 90% inhibition of mycelium growth rates in five test fungi species,93.06% inhibition of Fusarium solani.（2）S4 was identified as Paraphaeosphaeria by molecular biological technology.（3）The inhibition of mycelium growth rates for F.solani was significantly positively related to the tested concentration（volume） of mycelium acetone extracts from S4（r=0.99,y=15.334x＋14.618）.The inhibition rates for F.solani was significantly negatively related to the tested concentration（volume） of fermentation broth of S4（r=0.99,y=-20.196x＋64.984）.In that way,fermentation broth of S4 promotes the growth of F.solani at high concentration.The compound with antifungal activities of S4 mostly consisted of mycelia.

关 键 词：紫叶小檗 内生真菌 抑菌活性 分子鉴定 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]