恒河猴颞叶癫痫模型的建立  

The establishment of macaque models of temporal lobe epilepsy

作　　者：陈宁[1] 孟凡刚[2] 张建国[1] 张凯[1] 刘焕光[1] 孟大伟[1] 刘崇[2] 葛燕[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经外科,100050 [2]首都医科大学北京市神经外科研究所

出　　处：《中华神经外科杂志》2013年第5期533-537,共5页Chinese Journal of Neurosurgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（81071224,81241048）;北京市自然科学基金（7123209）;北京市优秀人才（2009D003034000002）;北京市卫生系统高层次卫生技术人才培养计划（2011-3-032）

摘　　要：目的应用立体定向方法单侧海马内注射海人酸，建立恒河猴颞叶癫痫模型，并评价其生物学特性。方法通过立体定向手术，恒河猴右侧海马注射海人酸，观察恒河猴行为学、神经电生理、影像学、组织病理及超微结构改变。结果海人酸注射后恒河猴出现典型的颞叶癫痫发作表现，脑电图表现为棘波、慢波、棘慢波、尖波发放。MRI、MRS可见海马硬化的表现，组织学标本显示颞角扩大、海马硬化，HE染色可见神经元缺失、胶质细胞增生、瘢痕萎缩，电镜显示神经元固缩、血脑屏障破坏、星形细胞肿胀、细胞器受损。结论立体定向单侧注入海人酸后恒河猴癫痫发作明显，其行为学、神经电生理、影像学、神经病理改变符合颞叶内侧型癫痫表现，可作为癫痫模型。Objective To establish the animal model of temporal lobe epilepsy in macaques and to observe the changes of biological characteristics. Methods Kainic acid （KA） was injected into the fight intra - hippoeampus of macaques with the stereotaeie technique. Video recording, iconology, hisopathology, and uhrastructural changes of the macaques were observed to evaluate the biological characteristics. Eleetrocorticography （EcoG）was used to detect the electrophysiologieal changes. Magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） and magnetic resonance spectroscopy （MRS）were performed. Then macaques were sacrificed and brains were removed for uhrastructural examination using electron microscopes after 3 months post- injection. Results Typical seizures were observed in the models. Epileptic discharge, such as spike, slow, spike- slow, and sharp appeared in electroencephalograms （EEG）. Hippocampal sclerosis could be found by MRI and MRS. HE staining of samples from the macaques injected with KA showed neuronal loss, proliferation of glial cells, formation of glial scar, and hippocampal atrophy. Electron microscopic analysis of hippocampal tissues revealed pyknosis of neurons, depolymerization of part ribosomes, swollen mitochondrias, the abnormal reduction of rough endoplasmic reticulum, expansion of Golgi vesicles, swollen star - shaped cells, swollen axons in surrounding neurons, and mild perivascular edema. Conclusions The seizure patterns, imaging findings, and pathological changes suggest that this macaque model of epilepsy induced by KA has great resemblance to human temporal lobe epilepsy （TLE）. Therefore, it can be used as a model for studying human temporal epilepsy.

关 键 词：颞叶癫痫 海人酸 立体定向 动物模型 恒河猴 

分 类 号：R742.1[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]