企业无形资源对竞争优势的影响  

An Empirical Study on the Impact of Enterprise’s Intangible Resources on Its Competitive Advantages

作　　者：江成山[1] 周智颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学,重庆市400030

出　　处：《中国流通经济》2013年第6期80-85,共6页China Business and Market

摘　　要：企业竞争优势的来源与保持一直是战略管理各流派争论的焦点。对这一问题的解释,不同战略流派采用了不同的战略思维模式。在众多战略管理理论流派争鸣的背景下,本文利用结构方程模型方法,就企业无形资源对竞争优势的影响进行实证分析。研究结果表明,企业内部无形资源由个人拥有的无形资源和组织拥有的无形资源两大类构成。其中,企业组织内部的企业家人力资源、关键岗位人力资源以及企业组织拥有的文化类资源、知识类资源、关系类资源、声誉类资源等无形资源,与企业竞争优势之间均存在显著正相关关系;企业组织内部的企业家人力资源和关键岗位人力资源与组织拥有的文化类资源、知识类资源、关系类资源、声誉类资源等无形资源之间存在明显的正相关关系。这些由员工个人和企业组织拥有的无形资源比有形资源更具战略特征和战略价值,如何更好地建设和管理企业内部无形资源,是关系企业竞争优势获得与保持的重要战略问题。The source and maintenance of enterprise＇s competitive advantage is always the focus of arguments among different schools of strategic management. Different schools adopt different strategic thinking patterns to explain this problem. Based on the debate, an empirical study of the impact of enterprise＇s intangible resources on its competitive advantages is carried out with the help of a structural equation model. It shows that enterprise＇ s intangible resources is composed of intangible resources owned by individuals and intangible resources owned by the organization. Human resources of entrepreneurs and key employees, and some intangible resources owned by the organizations, such as resources of culture, knowledge, relation and reputation are positively correlated to enterprise＇s competitive advantages; and human resources of entrepreneurs and key employees are positively correlated to such intangible resources owned by the organizations as resources of culture, knowledge, relation and reputation. These intangible resources owned by individuals and organization have more strategic characteristics and value. How to conserve and manage these intangible resources is the key for us to gain and maintain enterprise＇s competitive advantage.

关 键 词：无形资源 人力资源 竞争优势 

分 类 号：F272.7[经济管理—企业管理]