早期形觉剥夺对眼球屈光状态的影响  

Effects of early form deprivation on ocular growth and refractive state in early life

作　　者：任力濛[1] 杨景存[1] 张郑民[1] 王介平[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南省眼科研究所,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《眼视光学杂志》2000年第3期142-144,共3页Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology

基　　金：河南省科委资助!( 9612 0 0 415 )

摘　　要：目的 :研究早期形觉剥夺对眼球发育及屈光状态的影响 ,探讨近视眼发病机理及近视发生的危险因素。方法 :对先天性白内障 83例 10 9眼和对照组老年性白内障 97例 10 9眼的各屈光因子进行生物学测量 ,确定其屈光状态 ,并用多元线性和Logistic回归的方法进行单因素和多因素分析。结果 :先天组与老年组相比 ,先天组有较明显的近视倾向 ,平均屈光度相差 - 3.30D。两组比较角膜屈光度差异无显著性意义 ;前房深度、晶状体厚度、眼轴长度、眼的屈光状态差异均出现显著性意义。先天性白内障组中角膜屈光度与眼轴长度两种因子的综合作用与眼的屈光度关系最密切 ,它们的值越大 ,近视度就越高。眼轴长度为近视发生的主要危险因素 ,OR =138.6 99。结论 :早期形觉剥夺可发生近视 ,其主要危害因子是眼轴长度 ,主要危害部位在眼后段。尽早去除先天性白内障所造成的形觉剥夺 ,保持或恢复视觉发育敏感期的正常视觉环境 ,有利于预防近视的发生。Objective:To study the effects of early form deprivation and its interference with growth and refractive state. To explore the pathogenic mechanisms of myopia and the risk factors for its development and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention of myopia.Methods:109 eyes in 83 cases with congenital cataract and 109 eyes in 97 cases with senile cataract were refracted and measured with biometry. Single factor or multiple factor analysis of linear and logistic regression were used for statistical comparison.Results:Myopia developed in the congenital cataract group. The average difference in diopters between the two groups was -3.30D. The corneal measurement was not significantly different in diopters, but the depth of the anterior chamber, thickness of the lens, the axial length, and the refractive state of the eye were significantly different between the two groups. The greater their value, the greater the myopia in diopters. If there was no change in corneal diopters, myopia increased by 2.39D as the axial length increased 1mm. If the axial length had no change, myopia increased 1.20D as corneal diopters increased by 1D. Axial length was the chief risk factor with OR=138.699.Conclusion:Early form deprivation may induce myopia. Axial length was the main cause, with major changes in the posterior segment. To eliminate form deprivation earlier due to congenital cataracts, it is beneficial to maintain and restore a normal visual environment during the sensitive period of visual development in order to prevent myopia.

关 键 词：先天性白内障 早期形觉剥夺 屈光状态 病因学 

分 类 号：R778[医药卫生—眼科]