21种海南植物粗提物生物活性初步测定  

Preliminary Bioassay of 21 Plant Extracts in Hainan

作　　者：王法红[1] 曹阳[1] 骆焱平[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学环境与植物保护学院,海口570228

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2013年第8期1829-1832,共4页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：海南大学博士后启动基金

摘　　要：采用生长速率法测定了21种海南植物粗提物对水稻纹枯病菌(Rhizoctonia solani Kühn)、香蕉炭疽病菌[Colletotrichum musae(Berk&Curt.)]、香蕉枯萎病菌(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense)、芒果炭疽病菌(C.gloeosporioides Penz)、西瓜枯萎病菌(F.oxysporum f.sp.niveum)、芒果蒂腐病菌(Botryo-diplodia theobromae Pat)6种靶标菌的抑菌活性;采用浸渍法测定了粗提物对莴苣蚜虫(Nasonovia ribis-nigri)的触杀活性。结果表明,当提取物浓度为5 mg/mL时,7种植物粗提物对香蕉炭疽病菌的抑制率大于60.00%,特别是黄樟和假臭草粗提物对5种靶标菌的抑制率都在60.00%以上、对水稻纹枯病菌的抑制率都为100.00%;当提取物浓度为4 mg/mL时,10种粗提物对莴苣蚜的触杀活性(蚜虫死亡率)在60.00%以上,其中5种粗提物的触杀活性不低于80.00%,假臭草杀虫活性最强,蚜虫死亡率为94.55%,与对照药剂0.7%印楝素乳油750倍稀释液杀虫活性相当。The antifungal activities of 21 plant extracts against Rhizoctonia solani,Colletotrichum musae,Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense,C.gloeosporioides,F.oxysporum f.sp.niveum,Botryodiplodia theobromae were tested bu using mycelial growth rate method,and contact activities against Nasonovia ribisnigri were tested with dipping method.The result showed that at the concentration of 0.5 mg / mL,7 plant extracts had antifungal effects to the mycelia growth of Colletotrichum musae with inhibiting rate higher than 60.00%,especially the extracts of Cinnamomum parthenoxylon and Eupatorium catarium showed higher than 60.00% inhibiting rate against five pathogens,and had 100.00% inhibiting rates against Rhizoctonia solani.At the concentration of 4 mg / mL,contact activities（aphids mortality） of 10 plant extracts were higher than 60.00% against Nasonovia ribisnigri,and 5 plant extracts had higher than 80.00% aphids mortality,especially Eupatorium catarium showed 94.55% aphids mortality at 0.5 mg / mL,and there was no significant difference compared with the control.

关 键 词：植物粗提物 抑菌活性 触杀活性 生物学测定 海南 

分 类 号：S435[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]