波粒二象性和量子不确定性之间的关系:纯态到混合态  

Relation between Duality and Uncertainty:from Pure State to Mixed State

作　　者：刘洪雨[1] 陈立[1] 明莹[2] 刘灵[1] 刘奎[1] 张俊香[1] 郜江瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]量子光学与光量子器件国家重点实验室,山西大学光电研究所,山西太原030006 [2]延边大学理学院物理系,吉林延吉133002

出　　处：《量子光学学报》2013年第2期94-99,共6页Journal of Quantum Optics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(60978008);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2010CB923102)

摘　　要：研究了波粒二象性和量子不确定性之间的关系,可见度表达的是粒子的波动性,可预测性(predictability)表达的是粒子性,还有它们的起伏,这些量可以通过一个表达式联系起来。单光子纯态和混合态的测量,在实验上[PRA,85,022106]已经得到证明,但并没有给出中间态的情况,在此重点研究了纯态和混合态之间的状态,测量结果仍满足可见度、可预测性和它们的起伏的关系。We present a study of the relation between the wave-particle duality and the quantum uncertainty in a two-path interferometer and derive equalities and inequalities involving the visibility （representing the wavelike behavior） , the distinguishability （representing the particle-like behavior） , and their variances. We experimentally demonstrate that, for a single photon in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, these quantities are related via an equation that connects both duality and uncertainty. Although this relation holds for the single-photon source prepared irrespectively in a pure state or a mixed state, it haven＇t shown the result between pure and mixed state. This paper researches the state between pure and mixed state, and the results still satisfy the relation of the four quantities.

关 键 词：波粒二象性 量子不确定性 单光子 

分 类 号：O431[机械工程—光学工程]