耐热炸药PYX制备工艺改进  

Improvement on preparation of the heat-resistant explosive PYX

作　　者：邓明哲[1] 张川[1] 叶志虎[1] 霍欢[1] 王伯周[1] 周杰文[1] 田战怀[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《应用化工》2013年第5期904-906,935,共4页Applied Chemical Industry

摘　　要：对耐热炸药PYX制备工艺进行了较大改进,以苦基氯和2,6-二氨基吡啶为原料,利用廉价的混合溶剂代替昂贵的DMF,在高效促进剂碱金属酸式碳酸盐NH的作用下进行缩合反应获得2,6-双(苦氨基)吡啶(PAP);简化了硝化工艺,在浓硝酸中直接硝化制备了2,6-双(苦氨基)-3,5-二硝基吡啶(PYX),总收率有大幅度提高,达到89%以上,产品纯度为99.8%,差热分解峰温(DSC)为385.7℃。探讨了促进剂和溶剂对缩合反应的影响,以及硝化反应的影响因素,确定了最佳工艺条件。The preparation process of heat-resistant explosive PYX was greatly improved and as followed as：taking a cheap mixture solvent instead of the expensive DMF and adding an effective promoter, 2,6- bispicrylamino pyridine（PAP） was synthesized by condensation reaction using picryl chloride and 2,6-diaminopyridine as starting materials. In order to simplify the nitration process of PYX, PYX by direct nitra- tion process in concentrated nitric acid the heat-resistant explosive PYX with a yield above 89% ,purity of 99.8% and thermal decomposition peak temperature（DCS） of 385.7 ℃. The effect of some promoters and solvents on condensation reaction and effect factors of nitration reaction were also discussed, and the optimal reaction conditions were confirmed.

关 键 词：有机化学 耐热炸药 PYX 制备 改进 

分 类 号：TQ564[化学工程—炸药化工]