重金属离子对栅藻生长代谢的影响  

Effect of Heavy Metals on Growth and Metabolism in Scenedesmus sp.

作　　者：王珊珊[1] 王明兹[1] 李敏[1] 陈必链[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学工业微生物教育部工程研究中心,生命科学学院,福建省现代发酵技术工程研究中心,福建福州350117

出　　处：《福建师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第3期82-90,共9页Journal of Fujian Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：福建省发展与改革委员会资助项目(闽发改高技[2011]1598);福建省环境保护厅资助项目(FJHK200912)

摘　　要：研究了Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd、Mn、Cr、Ni等7种重金属离子对栅藻生长代谢的影响.定时测定重金属处理后藻的生长情况、叶绿素a和粗油脂含量.结果表明,栅藻对Pb的耐受性最强,耐受能力可达20 mg·L-1,Zn、Mn、Ni其次,对Cu、Cd、Cr比较敏感,耐受性仅为1 mg·L-1.当重金属离子质量浓度在1 mg·L-1以下,Pb、Zn促进栅藻生长,同时提高其叶绿素a含量.Pb质量浓度为0.5 mg·L-1时,生物量最高,达0.642 mg·L-1,随着质量浓度提高,粗油脂含量增加,脂肪酸主要组分为棕榈酸甲酯、油酸甲酯、亚油酸甲酯、亚麻酸甲酯,并且随着胁迫质量浓度的增加,脂肪酸含量明显增加.超过一定质量浓度后,重金属离子抑制栅藻的生长,并导致生物量下降,Zn质量浓度高于5 mg·L-1时,栅藻叶绿素a含量降至1 mg·L-1以下.According to its heavy metals uptake capacity, Scenedesmus sp. was proven to be an successful adsorbing material for the removal of the heavy metals such as Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, Mn, Cr and Ni, which produced numerous effects on the metabolic or developmental process of the cells. Many parameters of Scenedesmus sp. , such as the growth rate, chlorophyll a and raw fatty content of the cells, were determined under different concentration of each heavy metal respectively. The results showed that Scenedesmus sp. had more tolerance to Pb than other investigated heavy metals and can be survival up to 20 mg·L^-1, Zn, Mn, Ni were the secondarily, whereas it was rather susceptible to Cu, Cd, Cr and can be fully damaged up to 1 mg ·L^. The cells got a better growth with a concentration of Pb and Zn under 1 mg ·L^-1, and chlorophyll a content increased at the same time. Supplied with 0. 5 mg·L^-1 of Pb in the medium, the maximum biomass was 0. 642 mg ·L^-1, while the raw fatty production increased with the concentration of Pb increasing. The main composition of the fatty acid were methyl palmitate, methyl oleate, methyl linoleate, methyl linolenate analyzed by GC-Mass, which were the main components of biodiesel. The growth of Scenedesmus sp. was inhibited by heavy metals when their concentration reached to a certain range, as well as to gain a lower biomass and chlorophyll a concentration. When the concentration of Zn was above 5 mg·L^-1, the accumulation of chlorophyll a had a sharp drop to 1 mg ·L^-1.

关 键 词：重金属 栅藻 耐受性 生长代谢 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学] Q949.26[生物学—植物学]