心境障碍患者应付方式的调查分析及对策  

Coping strategies of patients with mood disorders:a survey

作　　者：李康来[1] 殷金梅[1] 郑向荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第三医院,广东广州510630

出　　处：《现代临床护理》2013年第3期9-12,共4页Modern Clinical Nursing

摘　　要：目的了解心境障碍患者应付方式并探讨其护理对策。方法采用应付方式问卷对32例单相抑郁患者及55例双相障碍患者(抑郁相34例,躁狂相14例,混合相7例)进行调查。结果单相抑郁患者与双相障碍患者(包括所有临床相)、双相障碍抑郁相患者与双相障碍混合相患者的应付方式各因子得分比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。双相障碍抑郁相患者与双相障碍躁狂相患者在应付方式的解决问题(t=-2.869,P=0.006)、求助(t=-2.443,P=0.018)、自责(t=2.461,P=0.018)、退避(t=2.870,P=0.006)因子得分比较,差异具有统计学意义。单相抑郁以及双相障碍抑郁相和混合相患者采取应付方式以混合型居多,分别占50.00%、41.18%和42.86%。双相障碍躁狂相患者采取应付方式以成熟型为主,占64.29%。结论心境障碍患者的应对方式与情绪状态有关,与疾病类别无关。应根据患者的疾病状态进行区别对待,指导患者搁置问题,以及采取积极引导等方式来提高患者的应对技能。Objective To study the coping strategies of patients with mood disorders and explore the corresponding nursing strategies. Methods A survey, using the coping strategies questionnaire, was conducted among 32 patients with unipolar disorder and 55 patients with bipolar disorder including 34 with current depressive episode, 14 with current manic episode and 7 with mixed episode. Results As for coping strategies, no difference was found between unipolar depression and bipolar disorder with current depressive episode or mixed episode （P 〉 0.05）; while significant difference was found between bipolar depression and bipolar mania on problem solving （t = -2.869, P = 0.006）, help seeking （t = -2.443, P = 0.018）, self accusation （t = 2.461, P = 0.018） and withdrawing （t = 2.870, P = 0.006）. The patients with unipolar disorder, bipolar depressive or mixed episode tended to use mixed coping strategies, with the percentages of 50.00%, 41.18% and 42.86% respectively and 64.29% of the patients with bipolar mania tended to use mature coping strategies. Conclusions Coping strategies of patients with mood disorder are associated with the status of the diseases but independent of the categories of the diseases. Therefore, the corresponding nursing strategies include setting aside the problems, encouraging family member to make decisions and conducting active guidance.

关 键 词：心境障碍 应付方式 护理 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]