超细RDX的真空冷冻干燥技术研究  

Study on Vacuum Freeze-drying Technology for the Superfine RDX Powder

作　　者：邓国栋[1] 刘宏英[1] 牛建林 李强 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学国家特种超细粉体工程技术研究中心,江苏南京210094 [2]山西北方兴安化学工业有限公司,山西太原030008

出　　处：《爆破器材》2013年第3期16-20,共5页Explosive Materials

摘　　要：为防止超细RDX干燥后结块,并确保干燥过程安全,该文采用真空冷冻干燥方法对超细RDX浆料进行干燥处理。文章介绍了真空冷冻干燥设备的工作原理。通过实验,研究了影响RDX真空冷冻干燥过程效率的主要因素,获得了RDX冷冻干燥工艺曲线。RDX真空冷冻干燥过程合适的工艺条件:RDX制品厚度≤3mm,预冻温度-40℃左右,预冻时间2h,冷凝器温度-60℃左右,干燥箱内的压力(真空度)10Pa左右,升华干燥温度-10℃,解析干燥温度40℃,干燥过程总时间19h。实验结果表明:在合适的工艺条件下,RDX的真空冷冻干燥过程安全、稳定可控;其冻干制品水的质量分数≤0.51%,疏松多孔、无结块、分散性好。In order to prevent the superfine RDX powders from agglomeration after drying and to ensure the safety of the drying process, the vacuum freeze drying method was adopted for the drying of the superfine RDX slurry. The operation principles of vacuum freeze-drying machine were expounded in detail. The influence factors for the RDX drying efficiency was studied through the vacuum freeze drying experiment of the superfine RDX and corresponding RDX vacuum freeze-dr- ying process curve was obtained. The suitable RDX vacuum freeze-drying conditions were determined as RDX product thickness〈3mm, the pre-freezing temperature of -40C, the pre-freezing time of 2h, the condenser temperature of - 60（：, the pressure（vacuum） of dryer of 10Pa, the sublimation process temperature of - 10T：, the parsing process tem- perature of 40C, and total drying time of 19h. The experiment resuhs showed that under suitable process conditions, the RDX vacuum freeze-drying process was safely and stably controlled. The vacuum freeze-dried superfine RDX powder having a moisture content of 〈0.51% and no agglomeration is porous and easy to be dispersed.

关 键 词：超细RDX 真空冷冻干燥 升华 分散性 安全 

分 类 号：TQ564[化学工程—炸药化工] TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术]