重庆市大学生对自杀态度的调查  

Study on the attitudes toward suicide among university students in Chongqing

作　　者：徐小明[1] 况利[1] 艾明[1] 陈建梅[1] 王我[1] 甘窈[1] 曾妍[1] 楼丹丹[1] 刘婉婷[1] 牛雅娟[2] 费立鹏[3] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属第一医院心理卫生中心,400016 [2]北京回龙观医院北京心理危机研究与干预中心 [3]上海交通大学医学院上海市精神卫生中心危机干预研究室

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2013年第6期569-572,共4页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：美国中华医学基金会（cMB）（02-777,04-801）

摘　　要：目的 了解重庆市大学生对自杀的态度及其影响因素,以针对性指导心理危机干预.方法 采取分层整群随机抽样方法对重庆地区11所大学9808名学生进行公众对自杀的态度量表（SPAS）问卷调查.结果 高校学生对预防自杀的难度、自杀行为的自我不可控制性、自杀行为可作为影响他人的工具持否定或中立态度,其得分分别为34.28±16.44、35.64±19.14、36.94±16.05；对自杀未遂与自杀死亡的相似性、自杀的歧视、自杀的正性态度持中立观点,得分分别为47.38±22.01、51.78±17.05、37.77±18.12；对自杀问题的社会重要性条目持中立或肯定态度的得分为70.77±17.21.性别、民族、宗教以及自杀未遂和自杀暴露史对大学生自杀态度有影响.结论 自杀危机干预系统需针对大众以及自杀者不同的背景制定有针对性的策略.Objective To explore the attitudes on suicide and their related factors among university students in Chongqing.Methods A total of 9808 students from 11 universities in Chongqing,were chosen under stratified cluster random sampling method and had completed a questionnaire survey through the Scale of Public Attitudes on Suicide （SPAS）.Results Data showed that the scores of university students having negative or neutral attitudes towards questions including ＂suicide is not preventable＂,＂suicidal behavior is not controllable or is caused by outside forces＂ and ＂suicidal behavior can （or is used to） affect the behavior of others＇ ＂ were 34.28 ± 16.44,35.64 ± 19.14 and 36.94± 16.05 respectively.The scores of students taking neutral attitude towards questions as：＂similarity of attempted and completed suicide＂,＂negative attitudes on the behavior or on the person him/her self＂,＂positive aspects of suicide and positive feelings about suicides＂ were 47.38 ± 22.01,51.78 ± 17.05 and 37.77 ± 18.12 respectively but 70.77 ± 17.21 went to the students who had agreed with ＂suicide is an important social/health problem＂.Factors as gender,nationality,religion,history of attempted suicide and suicide exposure to others appeared having had important effects on the attitude towards suicide among college students.Conclusion It is necessary to consider above mentioned factors when developing related suicide crisis intervention strategy.

关 键 词：自杀 自杀未遂 大学 学生 横断面研究 

分 类 号：B846[哲学宗教—心理学]