虎纹蛙蝌蚪对同域分布两种蝌蚪的食物选择  

Prey selection by tiger frog larvae (Hoplobatrachus chinensis) of two sympatric anuran species’ tadpoles

作　　者：韦力[1] 林植华[1] 赵仁友 陈世通 

机构地区：[1]丽水学院生态学院,浙江丽水323000 [2]丽水九龙国家湿地公园管理处,浙江丽水323000

出　　处：《Zoological Research》2013年第3期209-213,共5页动物学研究（英文）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30970435;31270443);丽水市科技计划项目(20110426)

摘　　要：该文以虎纹蛙(Hoplobatrachus chinensis)蝌蚪为研究对象,检测其作为捕食者对同域分布两种不同类型(可口性和非可口性)猎物蝌蚪(黑眶蟾蜍和黑斑侧褶蛙)的食物选择及行为响应。结果表明,由于该两种被捕食物种在面对其共同捕食者或天敌时采取不同的反捕食策略(化学防卫及行为表现),即虎纹蛙蝌蚪在进食具有毒素的黑眶蟾蜍(Bufo melanostictus)蝌蚪后,能够在短时间内减少对这种可口性差的食物的选择,具有短期记忆行为,而黑斑侧褶蛙(Pelophylax nigromaculatus)蝌蚪能够采用行为防卫机制以减少被捕食风险,因此,虎纹蛙蝌蚪对两种猎物蝌蚪的总体选择不表现明显倾向。该结果为这3种两栖类动物的行为生态学研究提供了基础数据。We examined the prey selection and behavioral responses of tiger frog Hoplobatrachus chinensis larvae exposed to unpalatable and palatable sympatric prey tadpoles, Bufo melanostictus and Pelophylax nigromaculatus. We found that after a short exposure to the toxic toad tadpoles B. melanostictus, predators may learn to decrease going after unpalatable prey, subsequently it seems they may express short-term behavioral memory in order to avoid the toxic prey. In general, H. chinensis showed no preference for either any of the two prey species, which may be the result of P nigromaculatus using behavioral performance and chemical defense as antipredatation strategies. These results facilitate further investigation of other aspects of the behavioral ecology of these three anuran species and hint at some potentially interesting possibilities of memory in choice of prey which may suggest further study.

关 键 词：无尾类 食物选择 虎纹蛙 黑眶蟾蜍 黑斑侧褶蛙 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]