燕麦C基因组反转录转座子分离与特异性标记的建立  

Isolation and Characterization of Genome-specific Retrotransposon in Avena with the C Genome

作　　者：贾举庆[1] 郭红媛[1] 柴国师[1] 苑号坤[1] 王淑妍[1] 杨武德[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2013年第6期523-527,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31101199);山西省基础研究计划项目(2012021024-2);山西农业大学"中青年学术带头人及学术骨干"项目(XG201209);山西农业大学引进人才科研启动基金项目(XB2010009)

摘　　要：燕麦属是禾本科中重要的属,其中,栽培燕麦是一种营养价值很高的粮、经、饲、药多用途作物,而野生物种中则含有多种优良农艺性状基因,是遗传改良的重要资源。基因组和染色体特异性的分子标记是分子育种工作的重要工具,以燕麦属不同倍性和基因组物种为材料,利用300条随机引物(random amplified polymorphic DNA,RAPD),从燕麦C基因组中筛选到一条基因组特异性序列OPR51655;比对和原位杂交发现,OPR51655为一Ty1-copia型反转录转座子重复序列,其同源序列分布于除端部和着丝粒外的整个染色体臂上;根据OPR51655建立了燕麦C基因组特异性(sequence-characterized amplified region,SCAR)标记,利用该标记能有效地检测燕麦栽培种和野生种中的C基因组染色质。The genus A vena is one of an important genus in gramineous plants, among which cultivated oat （A. sativa L. ） is a multipurpose crop with high nutritional value of the food, economy, feed and medicine. The wild species with many valuable agronomic traits are important genetic resources for improving oat by wide hybridization. Genomeor chromosome-specific markem are useful for monitoring genome introgression and identifying genome components. To obtain genome-specific molecular marker of A vena, random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） analysis were performed on A vena with 300 random l O-based primers. A repetitive sequence of 1 655 bp, named OPR51655, was isolated from A. eriantha （C genome）, and Genebank BLAST searches re- vealed that the nucleotide sequences of OPR51655 had high homology to a part of Tyl-copia retrotransposon. Fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） analyses indicated that OPR51655 was significantly hybridized to A. eriantha chromosomes and was assigned along the A. eriantha chromosomes arms except the centromerie and terminal regions. Based on the sequence of OPR51655, a pair of sequence-characterized amplified region （SCAR） primers was designed, and the resulted SCAR marker was specific to target both oat and the wild Avena species with C genome.

关 键 词：燕麦 C基因组 反转录转座子 分子标记 荧光原位杂交 

分 类 号：S512.6[农业科学—作物学]