超支化聚酰胺纳滤膜的制备及对Pb(NO_3)_2的脱除实验研究  

Preparation and Pb(NO_3)_2 Removal of Hyper-branched Polyamide Nanofiltration Membranes

作　　者：邓慧宇[1] 吴巧梅[1] 陈庆春[1] 任广元[1] 陈荣[1] 徐又一[2] 

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学材料系,江西抚州344000 [2]浙江大学高分子科学研究所,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《东华理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第2期239-244,共6页Journal of East China University of Technology(Natural Science)

基　　金：江西省自然科学基金(2011ZBAB203010);江西省教育厅项目(GJJ13470);东华理工大学校长基金项目(DHYK0607)

摘　　要：以端氨基超支化聚酰胺(HBP-NH2)为水相单体,对苯二甲酰氯为油相单体,聚丙烯腈超滤膜为基膜,采用界面聚合法制备超支化聚酰胺纳滤膜。FTIR-ATR及分离实验结果证实了聚酰胺分离层的存在。二胺类单体与多元酰氯反应一般得到荷负电特征的纳滤膜。在本实验中,由于水相单体为末端含有大量氨基的超支化聚酰胺,通过改变水相或油相单体的浓度可以方便地调节膜的荷电特征。适当增大HBP-NH2的浓度可使膜由荷负电的特征转化为荷正电的特征。当HBP-NH2浓度为1.2%,对苯二甲酰氯浓度为0.5%时,制备的NF4膜对NaCl,MgCl2,Na2SO4和MgSO4的脱除顺序为MgCl2>MgSO4>Na2SO4>NaCl。该膜可成功地脱除水中的Pb(NO3)2。脱除率和溶液通量随着盐浓度的增大略有下降。当Pb(NO3)2浓度为1000mg/L,操作压力为0.8MPa时,Pb(NO3)2的脱除率为83.2%,通量为32.5L/(m2·h)。升高压力,通量增大,但Pb(NO3)2的脱除率保持在84%左右。A series of nanofiltration membranes are prepared by interfacial polymerization of amino terminated hy- per-branched polyamide （HBP-NH2） and terephthaloyl chloride on the surfaces of polyaerylonitrile （PAN） ultra- filtration membranes. FFIR-ATR and filtration results confirmed the existence of polyamide on the surface of the substrate membrane. In general, the membranes prepared by diamine and polyehloride showed negatively charged characteristics. Owing to the existence of large amount of terminated amino groups on the hyperbranehed polyam- ide, these membranes can be varied from negatively charged to positively charged membranes. The salts rejection order of the NF4 membrane prepared by 1.2% HBP-NH2 and 0.5% terephthaloyl chloride was MgC12 〉 MgSO4 〉 Na2SO4 〉 NaC1. NF4 membrane can be successfully applied for Pb（ NO~ ）2 removal. The results indicated that the salts rejection and solution flux decreased slightly with increasing the Pb（ NO3 ）2 concentration. When the con- centration of Pb（NO3） 2 was 1 000 rag/L, the salt rejection was 83.2%, while the flux was 32.5 L/（ m2 ~ h）. The Flux increased with the increases of operation pressure while the salt rejection remained stable as about 84%.

关 键 词：端氨基超支化聚酰胺(HBP-NH2) 对苯二甲酰氯 界面聚合 纳滤膜 Pb(NO3)2 

分 类 号：TQ317[化学工程—高聚物工业]