成也《隆中对》,败也《隆中对》——浅析《隆中对》的战略错误  

Both the Success and Failure of the State of Shu Attributing to "Longzhong Plan"——On the Strategic Mistakes of "Longzhong" Plan

作　　者：范文琼[1] 余以军[1] 孔惠惠[1] 

机构地区：[1]武昌理工学院,湖北武汉430223

出　　处：《科教导刊》2013年第14期147-148,共2页The Guide Of Science & Education

基　　金：湖北省教育厅科学技术研究项目编号:B2013189核基金项目

摘　　要：《隆中对》是中国历史上著名的战略设计之一,被后人誉为千古绝唱,所谓"两表酬三顾,一对足千秋",长期以来有着非常高度的评价。然而过高估计其价值和所起的作用,却未免有悖于历史真实。《隆中对》中,诸葛亮冷静客观地审时度势,制定相应的策略,提出联吴抗曹、三分天下,蜀汉因此而成功建国;但也多有书生之见,"跨有荆益"和联吴有着不可调和的矛盾,再加之蜀汉弱小却意图分兵北伐,而且"三分天下"本身就是一种非常局限的政治主张。因此,《隆中对》中所提出的最终战略目标始终未能实现。＂Longzhong Plan＂ is one of strategic designs in Chinese history and is praised as a masterpiece throughout the ages. As the saying goes, ＂two tables were as the return for the three visits and one plan was classical enough to spread for thousands of years＂. It can be seen that ＂Longzhong Plan＂ was highly praised for a long time. However, to overestimate its values and roles will violate the historical truth. In Longzhong Plan, Zhugc Liang calmly and objectively considered the situations, formulated the corresponding strategies and proposed to unite with the State of Wu to resist Cao and divide the territory into three states. Thus, the State of Shu was successfully founded. But many scholars thought that possessing the Jingzhou District and Yizhou District at the same time would produce irreconcilable conflicts. Because the weak State of Shu intended to divide forces to carry out northern expedition and the strategy of ＂dividing the territory into three states＂ was a very circumscribed political view in itself. Therefore, the final strategic target in Longzhong Plan was not realized all along.

关 键 词：《隆中对》 诸葛亮 战略策划 

分 类 号：K236[历史地理—历史学]