分叉血管中动脉狭窄对血液流动的影响  

The influence of arterial stenosis in bifurcate blood vessel on the blood flow

作　　者：梅立泉[1] 赵柯[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学数学与统计学院,西安710049

出　　处：《应用力学学报》2013年第3期417-421,478-479,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(10971164);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(xjj20100112)

摘　　要：利用血液流动的粘性不可压Navier-Stokes方程,采用有限元方法研究了分叉血管中动脉局部狭窄对血液流动的影响,分别对母血管壁有动脉狭窄病变和无病变时的血液流动进行了数值模拟。针对不同程度的动脉狭窄,得到了当狭窄度S分别为0.05、0.25、0.5时血液流动的流线图和压力图。一方面,从计算的压力图中可以看出当血液流经狭窄区域时,压力会迅速发生变化;另一方面,观察流线图可知,在血液流经狭窄的区域时会出现流动分离现象,产生涡的结构。根据上述结果,可以看出动脉局部狭窄会对血液流动产生很大的影响。动脉粥样硬化等某些血管疾病的发病机制和病变发展与血液流动的力学特征有密切关系。在动脉局部狭窄的初期,动脉狭窄邻近区域的血液几乎光滑地流过狭窄区,流动产生的分离小;随着狭窄区域半径的逐渐增大,血流流动产生比较明显的分离,在分离区内存在层流和回流;而当狭窄区域的半径进一步增大时,血管内血流流动分离区域扩大,而且在分离区内的血液流动会出现局部湍流。这种情况可能会使血液中的血小板、纤维蛋白、脂肪颗粒沉积,最终导致血流不畅或动脉粥样硬化等血管疾病。In this paper,according to the viscous incompressible Navier-Stokes equation of the blood flow,the influence of the arterial stenosis in arterial bifurcate blood vessel is studied using finite element method,and the blood flowing is simulated when there are arterial stenosis in the artery wall or not.For different size arterial stenoses,we calculate the blood flow respectively when the stenosis degree equal to 0.05,0.25 and 0.5.From the contour of pressure we can find that pressure will be changed rapidly when blood flows through the stenosis;on the other hand,observing the streamline,the area of blood flows through the stenosis appears flow separation phenomenon and the structure of the vortex.According to the results above,it can be seen that the arterial stenosis on the blood flow will have a great influence.The pathogenesis and lesion development of vascular disease such as atherosclerotic are closely related to the dynamic characteristics of the blood flow.In the initial stage of arterial stenosis,the blood flow is almost smooth through a narrow area,and the flow separation is small.The blood flow produces more separation,laminar flow and vortex with the radius of the narrow region increasing.Then as the radius increasing furtherly,the separation area of the flow expands and local turbulence appears.This situation may cause platelet,fibrin and fat particles deposition in the blood,eventually lead to atherosclerosis vascular diseases.

关 键 词：血液流动 动脉狭窄 粘性不可压N-S方程 有限元 

分 类 号：O242.21[理学—计算数学]