地球科学的复杂性与系统性  

COMPLEXITY AND SYSTEMATICNESS OF GEO-SCIENCE

作　　者：陈述彭[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院 国家计委地理研究所

出　　处：《地理科学》1991年第4期297-305,共9页Scientia Geographica Sinica

摘　　要：地球科学的发展,呈螺旋式上升的旋迥。某一历史阶段的复杂难题,随着科学技术进步,可能迎刃而解。不仅需要重视对地球表层的物质流与能量流的观测、研究;还迫切需要对信息流程的复杂性,特别是对信息传输的自然过程和机理,加强观测和研究。需要用由定性到定量的综合集成的方法,去研究地球表层这个非常复杂的巨系统。In the historical process of geo-science development,we have viewed for more than one time that complexity at the lower stage has gone up to the simplicity at the higher stage,then the abnomality and complica- ted dilema has been confronted in the simplified laws.It appears spiral development.Some complicated scientific dilema at certain historical stage might be suddenly enlightened and resolved with the development of new ideas in science and support by the high technology. For a long time,geo-science has comparatively stressed on the obs- ervation and research of the material and energetic flow among the epi- geosphere which has the most direct relationship to the mankind.Its top reaches the bottom of stratosphere and its bottom is on the top of lithos- phere.The range covers 5—6kilometers depth on the land and 4 kilometers depth on the ocean.While the study on information process,especially what is the natural process of the information from the underground transmi- tted up to the earth surface,and absorbed by the remote sensors is in- adequate.The study on geo-informatics is needed to explore so as to open the window toward the internal earth and get relatively precise information;and to master simplified laws at relatively high stage to understand complicated natural phenomina.The epigeosphere is an extr- emely complicated system.Because of its structure in multiple level and characteristics of open system and dynamic evolution,it needs a new integrated analysis methodology from qualitative to quantitative. The systematic dynamic model does not meet the needs of the adminis- trations of planning,decision-making and management yet.Only to comprehensively and systematically recognize the earth on which man lives could he obtain more freedom on mastering nature.

关 键 词：地球科学 复杂性 系统性 地理系统 

分 类 号：P－0[天文地球]