河口区芦苇湿地不同植被状态下石油降解生物活性分布特征及影响因素  

DISTRIBUTION AND FACTORS OF PETROLEUM-DEGRADATION BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY IN DIFFERENT VEGETATION STATUS FROM ESTUARINE REED WETLAND

作　　者：李艳艳[1] 白洁[1] 赵阳国[1] 周方[1] 潘益锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境微生物生态实验室环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2013年第2期111-117,共7页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07208-009)资助

摘　　要：本文通过现场采集盘锦芦苇湿地不同植被状态区域土壤样品,测定土壤中石油降解菌数量、酶活性和石油烃含量,研究了河口湿地不同芦苇植被状况下石油降解微生物活性的分布特征及影响因素,并探讨了芦苇湿地自然净化能力特征。结果表明,盘锦湿地石油降解微生物活性与湿地芦苇的植被状况相关,芦苇的存在明显提高了石油降解微生物的活性,促进了湿地中石油污染物的降解;脱氢酶活性与石油烃含量极显著正相关(P<0.01),脱氢酶活性可代表土壤中石油降解过程的生物活性状态;土壤中的N、P含量、pH值和含水率是影响微生物活性的主要因素,芦苇根际可以改善土壤理化性质而有利于微生物的生长。人工恢复芦苇增强了土壤中石油降解生物活性,提高了湿地净化能力,是保护河口湿地生态功能的有效措施。研究结果可为河口湿地石油污染物的生物净化能力研究及生物修复效果评估提供科学依据。Soil samples in different vegetation characteristics from Panjin estuarine reed wetland wear collected, and the number of petroleum-degrader, enzymes activity and concentration of petroleum hy- drocarbon in the soil samples was determined. The distribution and factors of the petroleum-degrader activity in different reed vegetation characteristics from estuarine wetland was studied, and the natural purification capacity characteristics in reed wetland were investigated. The existence of reed was benefit to the activity of petroleum-degradation biological and promoted the degradation of petroleum in wet- land. There was a significant positive linear relationship between the petroleum hydrocarbons and dehy- drogenase activity （p%0.05）, so the biological activity condition during petroleum degradation process in soil can be reflected by the activity of dehydrogenase. The main factors affecting microbial activity is the N, P content, pH and moisture content of soil . The environmental conditions of soil can be im- proved by reed rhizosphere to promote the growth of microorganisms. The petroleum-degradation bio- logical activity was enhanced and the purification capacity of wetlands was increased by restring reed manually, which is a effective measures to protect the ecological functions of estuarine wetlands. This research gave scientific basis on the study of Biological purification capacity of Oil pollution in Estuarine Wetland and the Impact assessment of Bioremediation.

关 键 词：芦苇湿地 石油降解菌数量 酶活性 影响因素 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]