烟花爆竹燃放期间大气颗粒物的化学成分特征  

Chemical composition of the atmospheric particles caused by the burning of fireworks during the Spring Festival

作　　者：李悦[1,2] 程水源[1] 黄青[3] 韩力慧[1] 刘超[1] 王志娟[4] 田川5 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学环境与能源工程学院,北京100124 [2]交通运输部规划研究院,北京100028 [3]暨南大学理工学院环境工程系,广州510632 [4]北京建工环境发展有限责任公司,北京100192

出　　处：《暨南大学学报（自然科学与医学版）》2013年第3期328-332,共5页Journal of Jinan University(Natural Science & Medicine Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51038001);国家环保公益性行业科研专项(200909008)

摘　　要：为研究烟花爆竹燃放期间大气颗粒物的化学成分特征,于2011年12月和2012年1月对北京市大气颗粒物进行样品采集与测试,分析了2012年春节期间主要污染物的浓度变化特征,以及烟花爆竹燃放时段与非燃放时段PM2.5和PM10的化学成分变化特征.研究表明,受烟花爆竹燃放影响,春节期间的主要污染物浓度有所上升,其中大气颗粒物的增幅最为显著,除夕和年初五通常会到达污染高峰.烟花爆竹燃放时段的PM2.5与PM10中主要化学成分较为相似,但与非燃放时段明显不同,其中烟花爆竹主要成分对应的特征元素和离子在燃放时段增加较为明显,与工矿交通等在春节期间停工的行业相关的元素和离子在燃放期有所减少.fireworks, the changes the chemical composition of the atmospheric particles caused by the burning of in the concentrations of main air pollutants during the Spring Festival in 2012 were analyzed. The atmospheric particle samples were collected and tested in Beijing during December 2011 and January 2012. Based on these data, we analyzed the variation in the chemical composition of PM2.~ and PM1o during the time of fireworks and non-fireworks. The results show that, due to the impact of fire- works, the concentrations of main air pollutants increased during the Spring Festival. The atmospheric particle matter increased most significantly, which reached the peak values in the New Year＇s Eve and fifth day. In addition, the concentrations of main chemical composition in particle matter during the fire- works and non-fireworks period were different. The elements and the ions related with main component of fireworks increased in the discharge period. Meanwhile, the elements and ions related with the stoppage of industry work during the Spring Festival reduced in the discharge period.

关 键 词：烟花爆竹 空气污染 大气颗粒物 化学成分 

分 类 号：X131.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]