社区6～36月龄儿童社会生活能力发展状况调查  

A cross-sectional survey on social life capacity in infants aged 6-36 months

作　　者：冼丹霞[1] 林美英 金宇[1] 静进[1] 赵萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学公共卫生学院,广州510080 [2]黄埔区鱼珠街社区卫生服务中心,广州510070

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2013年第6期457-461,共5页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(81171293);广东省科技计划项目(2011B031800020);广州市医药卫生科技重大项目(2009-Zda-04)资助

摘　　要：目的:研究社区婴幼儿社会生活能力发展状况。方法:选定广州市黄埔区社区卫生服务中心作为调查现场,采用取3个社区卫生服务中心,对2012年7月-9月期间在这3个社区卫生服务中心进行保健体检的全部6～36月龄婴幼儿进行调查,共409例,其中393例完成了调查。调查内容包括一般情况调查表和婴儿-初中学生社会生活能力量表(简称社会生活能力量表)。社会生活能力量表总分的标准分小于或等于9分作为筛查阳性界值,表明儿童可能存在生活能力问题。筛查阳性者由儿保专家结合Gesell发育诊断量表对其进行复查。结果:使用社会生活能力量表共筛查出阳性样本23例,其中有4例经复查为发育迟缓,其余者也存在相关的发育落后问题。男女婴幼儿的社会生活能力量表总分差异无统计学意义[(17.1±11.4)vs.(17.9±11.9),P>0.05],不同年龄段婴幼儿量表总分和各领域得分之间比较的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),全量表分及各领域分均随年龄增加而增长[如,6～12月龄组vs.30～36月龄组,(8.9±5.3)vs.(36.0±4.7),P<0.05]。结论:本研究提示,婴幼儿不同领域的发育速度不均衡,独立生活能力能维持快速发展,参加集体活动能力在18月龄前发展速度快,18月龄后趋于缓慢,其他领域在24月龄前发展速度快,24月龄后渐趋平缓。Objective： To explore the capacity development of social life in infants aged 6 -36 months. Methods： A sample of 409 infants from 3 community health service centers in Huangpu district, Guangzhou was chosen by using a cluster sampling method. Totally 393 infants＂ parents completed the Infants-Junior high school Students＂ Social Development Screening Test. The infants whose scores were less than or equal to 9 points were identified as positive, indicating that the infants might have some problems of social living ability. The Gesell Developmental Scale was used to review screening positive by child protection experts. Results： Twenty-three of 393 were identified as positive by Infants-Junior high school Students＂ Social Development Screening Test, four of which were diagnosed as growth retardation and the rest were also related to the development of backward. There was no difference between boys and girls in the scores of the Social Development Screening Test [（ 17. 1 ± 11.4）vs. （ 17. 9 ± 11.9）, P 〉 0. 05]. The scores of the Social Development Screening Test increased with age [ e. g., 6 12 months, （ 8. 9 ± 5.3） ; 30 - 36 months, （36.0 ± 4. 7） ]. Conclusion： It suggests that there may be imbalance in in- fants＇behavior development speed in different areas. Capacity for independent living may always develop fast. The development of the ability to participate in group activities may be fast before 18 months of age, and tend to slow after 18 months of age. Other areas may be fast before 24 months of age, and tend to slow after 24 months of age.

关 键 词：婴幼儿 社会生活能力 社区 现况调查 

分 类 号：B844.12[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]