紫花苜蓿对杂交猪育肥性能和相关基因表达量的影响  

Effects of alfalfa on gene expressions and fattening performances in hybrid pigs

作　　者：王芳[1] 冉雪琴[2] 陈颖[2] 袁恬[1] 王嘉福[1,2] 张兆强[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学生命科学学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学动物科学学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2013年第6期26-31,共6页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2008BADB5B02);国家863计划(2013AA102503)

摘　　要：为了研究紫花苜蓿对猪生长及肉质性能的作用,选用16头长×大外二元育肥猪,在基础饲料中添加4%苜蓿,应用免疫组织化学、酶联免疫吸附试验、实时荧光定量PCR研究脂肪代谢相关因子在mRNA水平和蛋白质水平表达的差异。结果显示:饲料中添加苜蓿后,杂交猪骨骼肌细胞中瘦素(leptin)基因(P<0.05)和蛋白(P>0.05)的表达量下降,与日增重呈轻度负相关(r=-0.314);转录因子C/EBPβ(CCAAT/en-hancer binding proteins,CEBPβ)基因和蛋白的表达量变化不明显;过氧化氢酶体激活增殖受体(peroxisome proliterator actiated receptors,PPARr)基因和蛋白水平高于对照组(P>0.05),与日增重(r=-0.837)、瘦肉率(r=-1.000)、pH1(r=-1.000)呈高度负相关,与脂率(r=1.000)、熟肉率(r=1.000)高度正相关;脂联素(adiponectin)基因(P>0.05)和蛋白(P<0.05)表达量高于对照组,与脂率(r=-1.000)、熟肉率(r=-1.000)、胴体重(r=-0.500)、屠宰率(r=-0.500)、肉色评分(r=-0.500)、pH24(r=-0.500),肌内脂肪含量(r=-0.500)负相关,与日增重(r=0.837)、瘦肉率(r=1.000)、pH1(r=1.000)、眼肌面积(r=0.500)、失水率(r=0.500)正相关;脂肪分化相关蛋白(adiposedifferentiation-related protein,ADFP)基因(P>0.05)和蛋白(P<0.05)表达量上调,但与肉质、体增重等指标相关性不大;脂蛋白脂酶(lipo-protein lipase,LPL)基因和蛋白变化不明显,与各项屠宰指标不相关。这些结果表明一定量的紫花苜蓿下调Leptin、通过CEBPβ上调PPARr、ADFP和Adiponectin 3个基因和蛋白的表达,增加猪的日增重、肌内脂肪,影响肉质性状,对LPL的作用较小。这些研究为紫花苜蓿在养猪业中的开发利用奠定了理论基础。A total of 16 Landrace × Large White emasculated boars were choosen as control group and 4% alfalfa group.The mRNA and protein expression levels were detected for six factors,leptin,CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins(CEBPβ),peroxisome proliterator actiated receptors(PPARr),adiponectin,adipose differentiation-related protein(ADFP) and lipoprotein lipase(LPL) by immunohistochemistry,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and real-time PCR.Compared with control group,leptin mRNA(P<0.05) and protein(P>0.05) level in 4% alfalfa group were lower and negatively correlated with daily gain in fair degree(r=-0.314).Alfalfa of 4% had no effects on CEBPβ expression,but up-regulated expressioin of PPARr mRNA and protein(P>0.05).PPARr mRNA level was negative-correlated with daily gain colosely(r=-0.837),lean percentage(r=-1.000) and pH1(r =-1.000),highly positive-correlated with fat percentage(r=1.000) and cooked meat percentage(r=1.000).Adiponectin mRNA(P>0.05) and protein expressions(P<0.05) level were higher than that of control group.Adiponectin mRNA level was negatively correlated with fat percentage(r=-1.000),cooked meat percentage(r=-1.000),carcass weight(r=-0.500),slaughter rates(r=-0.500),flesh color score(r=-0.500),pH24(r=-0.500) and intramuscular fat content(r=-0.500),positively correlated with daily gain(r=0.837),lean percentage(r=1.000),pH1(r=1.000),eye lean area(r=0.500) and rate of water loss(r=0.500).ADFP mRNA(P>0.05) and protein expression(P<0.05) level were higher than control group and LPL expression level was not different compared with control group.They did not correlate with any fattening performance.Alfalfa increased daily gain and IMF by down-regulation of leptin gene expression,up-regulation of PPARr,ADFP and adiponectin expression,but unralted with both of CEBPβ and LPL gene expression.It was useful for development and utilization of alfalfa in pig production.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 瘦素 CEBPβ PPARr 脂联素 ADFP LPL 基因表达 

分 类 号：S828.6[农业科学—畜牧学]