O_3和UV-B共同作用对大豆干物质和产量的影响  

Effects of Enhance of UV-B Radiation and O_3 Concentration on Dry Matter and Yield of Soybean

作　　者：郑有飞[1,2,3] 胡会芳[2] 吴荣军[2] 徐卫民[3] 姚娟[2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省大气环境监测与污染控制高技术研究重点实验室,江苏南京210044 [2]南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏南京210044 [3]南京信息工程大学大气物理学院,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2013年第6期624-630,共7页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41075114);江苏省高校自然科学研究重大项目(09KJA170004);南京信息工程大学科研基金项目(90215)

摘　　要：为揭示O3和UV-B共同作用对大豆干物质和产量的影响,以大豆"八月黄"为供试材料,利用OTC(开顶式气室)和紫外灯模拟O3和UV-B共同作用环境,研究大豆干物质和产量的变化.结果表明:与对照组相比,T1(UV-B辐射增强10%左右)、T2(100 nLL O3与增强10%左右的UV-B复合)和T3(150 nLL O3与增强10%左右的UV-B复合)处理下,成熟期大豆株高分别降低了12.73%、12.78%和14.15%;w〔Chl(a+b)〕分别减少了-1.16%(P>0.05)、34.20%(P<0.05)和57.38%(P<0.05);净光合速率(Pn)分别下降了11.50%、46.65%和48.58%;单株干物质质量显著降低(P<0.05),分别减少了31.02%、61.35%和67.53%;大豆产量分别减少了4.13%、54.09%和79.34%.O3和UV-B对大豆的生长和干物质累积均有不利影响,并且存在一定的协同影响,2个因子共同作用对大豆生长和干物质累积更为不利;O3和UV-B共同作用下大豆产量的降低主要是由粒数和粒质量降低所致.During the last several decades,the concentration of stratospheric ozone（O3） significantly reduced,and further caused an increment in ultraviolet-B（UV-B） radiation approaching to the earth surface.Both tropospheric O3 and UV-B have adverse effects on the yield and safety of crops.The combination of increased tropospheric O3 concentration and elevated UV-B could cause reduction in biochemical and physiological characteristic of economic plants and crops.To reveal the effects of enhanced UV-B and O3 concentration on dry matter and yield of soybean（Glycine max,Yellow August）,open-top chambers（OTCs） and UV lights were used to simulate the enhanced O3 concentration and supplemental UV-B radiation.The results showed that,compared with the control group CK（natural solar UV-B irradiance,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3）,the plant height of T1（10% higher level of UV-B intensity,ambient air with approximately 50 nL/LO3）,T2（100 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity） and T3（150 nL/LO3 and 10% higher level of UV-B intensity） decreased by 12.73%,12.78% and 14.15%,respectively;Chlorophyll content decreased by-1.16%（P0.05）,34.20%（P0.05） and 57.38%（P0.05）;Net photosynthetic rate（Pn） fell 11.50%,46.65% and 48.58%;Dry matter accumulation decreased by 31.02%（P0.05）,61.35%（P0.05） and 67.53%（P0.05） respectively;Yield reduced by 4.13%,54.09% and 79.34% respectively.Both O3 and UV-B had negative effects on soybean growth and dry matter accumulation,and the composite group had a significant adverse impact on soybean growth.Soybean yield was strongly inhabited under the combination of enhanced O3 and UV-B radiation by showing the reduction of grain numbers and grain weight.

关 键 词：UV-B辐射 O3 产量 大豆 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]