东北三省不同规模养殖场畜禽饲料和粪便中锌含量特征  

Contents of Zinc in Animal Feeds and Manures from Farms of Different Scales in the Northeast of China

作　　者：胡海平[1,2] 王代懿[3] 张丰松[2] 徐明德[1] 

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学环境科学与工程学院,山西太原030024 [2]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [3]中国矿业大学地测学院,北京100083

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2013年第6期689-694,共6页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(200909042);国家自然科学基金项目(41201513)

摘　　要：为了解东北三省不同规模养殖场畜禽饲料和粪便中w(Zn)分布及粪便Zn的农田输入量,选取长春、哈尔滨等养殖密集城市,分别从小、中、大规模养殖场随机采取了25、30、49个畜禽饲料样品和28、28、54个粪便样品进行研究.结果表明:吉林、黑龙江、辽宁三省猪饲料中的w(Zn)平均值分别为209.35、120.00和117.58 mgkg;牛饲料中w(Zn)平均值分别为116.73、120.26和134.04 mgkg;鸡饲料中w(Zn)平均值分别为95.51、77.59和97.23 mgkg.在养殖规模上,猪饲料、牛饲料中w(Zn)平均值均以小规模养殖场最高,分别为238.91、156.28 mgkg;而鸡饲料中w(Zn)平均值以大规模养殖场最高,为103.72 mgkg.对比畜禽粪便中的w(Zn)分布可知,吉林、黑龙江、辽宁三省猪粪中w(Zn)平均值分别为630.26、596.57和692.59 mgkg;牛粪中w(Zn)平均值分别为132.04、108.88和138.82 mgkg;鸡粪中w(Zn)平均值分别为363.67、201.82和246.45 mgkg.在养殖规模上,猪粪、牛粪、鸡粪中w(Zn)平均值均以大规模养殖场最高,分别为691.56、136.13和384.15 mgkg.畜禽粪便与饲料中的w(Zn)呈显著正相关(P<0.05).根据东北三省畜禽养殖量及粪便中w(Zn)平均值推算,每年有12 442.7 t的Zn通过畜禽粪便农用输入农田.To determine the contents of Zn in animal feeds and manures and the input of Zn to the cropland from animal manures,25,30 and 49 livestock food samples were randomly selected from small,middle and large scales of farms in crowded cities such as Changchun and Harbin.For the animal manure samples,the numbers were 28,28 and 54 correspondingly.For three provinces,Jilin,Heilongjiang and Liaoning,the average contents of Zn were 209.35,120.00 and 117.58 mg/kg in the pig foods,116.73,120.26 and 134.04 mg/kg in the cattle feeds and 95.51,77.59 and 97.23 mg/kg in the chicken feeds,respectively.As for the farm scales,the highest contents of Zn in pig feeds and cattle feeds were from small farms with the contents of 238.91 mg/kg and 156.28 mg/kg,while it was 103.72 mg/kg in chicken feeds in large farms.In Jilin,Heilongjiang and Liaoning provinces,the average contents of Zn were 630.26,596.57 and 692.59 mg/kg in pig manures,132.04,108.88 and 138.82 mg/kg in cattle manures,363.67,201.82,246.45 mg/kg in chicken manures,respectively.For farm scales,the highest mean contents of Zn in pig,cattle,chicken manures were from the large farms with the contents of 691.56,136.13,384.15 mg/kg.The contents of Zn in animal feeds significantly correlated with the contents of Zn in animal feeds（P〈0.05）.According to the production of animals and the average contents of Zn in manures,totally 12,442.7 t of Zn was input to the farmland every year in the Northeast of China.

关 键 词：ZN 畜禽饲料 畜禽粪便 东北三省 

分 类 号：X132[环境科学与工程—环境科学]