模拟家庭照护对阿尔茨海默病患者及其照顾者的影响  

Effects of simulated family nursing on patients with Alzheimer disease and their caregivers

作　　者：马晓燕[1] 张黎明[1] 彭伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省西安市精神卫生中心,710061

出　　处：《蚌埠医学院学报》2013年第5期623-626,共4页Journal of Bengbu Medical College

基　　金：陕西省西安市精神卫生中心院级基金资助项目(200609)

摘　　要：目的:探讨模拟家庭照护对阿尔茨海默病患者及其照顾者的影响。方法:选择82例住院治疗的阿尔茨海默病患者,随机分为观察组和对照组各41例。对照组采用老年病科常规护理,观察组采用模拟家庭照护。2组分别在入组时和干预后第6个月、第12个月对患者作简易精神状态(MMSE)检查和日常生活能力量表(ADL)评分,对其照护者作症状自评量表、特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)评分。结果:入组时和干预后第6个月,2组的MMSE评分及ADL总评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);入组第12个月,2组的MMSE评分及ADL总评分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),2组照顾者入组第12个月各因子分变化差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),2组间除其他因子分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)外,其余各因子分间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05～P<0.01)。观察组照顾者的躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、消极应对4个因子与MMSE评分均呈负相关关系(P<0.05),与ADL评分均呈正相关关系(P<0.05)。结论:模拟家庭照护可以减少阿尔茨海默病患者及照顾者抑郁、焦虑和消极应对方式,延缓阿尔茨海默病患者病情进展。Objective： To investigate the effects of simulated family nursing on patients with Alzheimer disease and their caregivers.Methods： Eighty-two patients with Alzheimer disease were evenly divided into study group and control group.The study group received simulated family nursing mode and the control group routine nursing.The mini-mental state（MMSE） and the activities of daily living（ADL） of the two groups were evaluated before intervention,6 months and 12 months after intervention.The caregivers were investigated by the Symptom Checklist and trait coping style questionnaire.Results： The difference of the total MMSE score and ADL score in the 0th and 6th month was not statistically significant between the study group and the control group（P 0.05）;the difference was statistically significant in the 12th month（P 0.05）.The scores of the caregivers in the study group and the control group was significantly different in the 12th month（P 0.05）;the scores were significantly different between the two groups（P 0.05 and P 0.01）.The somatization,depression,anxiety and negative response of the caregivers of patients with Alzheimer disease in the study group were negatively correlated with MMSE scores,and positively correlated with ADL scores（P 0.05）.Conclusions： The simulated family nursing could reduce the depression,anxiety and negative coping style of the caregivers of the Alzheimer patients and delay the progression of the disease.

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默病 模拟家庭照护 日常生活能力量表 症状自评量表 

分 类 号：R743.1[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]