试用Lyapunov指数探讨气候突变及其前兆信号  

Try to use Lyapunov exponent to discuss the abrupt climate change and its precursory signals

作　　者：吴浩[1] 侯威[2] 王文祥[1] 颜鹏程[3] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学物理科学与技术学院,扬州225002 [2]国家气候中心,北京100081 [3]西北师范大学物理与电子工程学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《物理学报》2013年第12期558-565,共8页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(批准号:2012CB955902;2013CB430204);国家自然科学基金(批准号:41175067;41275074;41105033)~~

摘　　要：Lyapunov指数是标志一个系统做规则运动还是混沌运动的一个重要物理量.鉴于此,本文利用Lyapunov指数研究系统的混沌特性,研究气候的突变.计算结果表明,定义法求得的Lyapunov指数是一种可靠的突变检测方法,无论是理想序列还是实际存在突变的序列,利用该方法都能准确地找出突变位置;而利用非线性局部Lyapunov指数的可预报期限从理论上佐证了基于临界慢化现象的气候突变前兆信号的可靠性,通过计算各个时间段的最大Lyapunov指数能够反映系统的内在性质、研究其混沌特性.研究结果为该方法在实际观测资料中的广泛应用提供了理论基础.Lyapunov exponent is an important physical quantity indicating a system is in regular motion or in chaotic motion. In view of this, in this paper, we use the Lyapunov exponent to study the chaotic properties of the system, and the mutations in climate. The results show that the Lyapunov exponent is a reliable mutation detection method. For the ideal sequence or actual atmosphere sequence the method can be used to accurately find out the mutation position; the predictability of nonlinear local Lyapunov exponent is used to evidence the reliability of the early warning signals of abrupt climate change based on the phenomenon of critical slowing down, through calculating the largest Lyapunov exponent of each time the system intrinsic properties can be reflected and the chaos characteristics can be studied, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the wide applications of the present method in real observation data.

关 键 词：LYAPUNOV指数 气候突变 前兆信号 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]