注意缺陷多动障碍儿童持续注意的行为学与时间进程特征  

Sustained attention of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder： an behavioral and time-on-task characteristics study

作　　者：任艳玲[1] 蔡婧[1] 王苏弘[1] 马岭[1] 高鹏[1] 张毅力[1] 董选[2] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学附属第三医院(常州市第一人民医院)脑科学研究中心,常州213003 [2]常州市儿童医院

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2013年第6期484-487,共4页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（81101018,30870868）;常州市应用基础研究计划资助项目（CJ20122016,CJ20112009）

摘　　要：目的 探讨注意缺陷多动障碍混合型（C型）和注意缺陷型（Ⅰ型）儿童的认知受损特点及时间进程变化特征.方法 混合型24例,注意缺陷为主型20例,正常对照儿童24例,3组儿童分别完成2个Block时间段的持续性操作测试任务,分别对3组及block1和block2的行为学进行比较分析.结果 1.3组比较：C型和Ⅰ型击中数[（64.37±5.29）个,63.55±5.28）个]分别低于正常对照组[（67.04±2.03）个]；Ⅰ型反应时间[（540.33±90.33）ms]长于正常对照组[（470.56±95.39）ms]；C型和Ⅰ型反应时间变异性（ⅡⅤ）[（174.24±56.35）ms,（201.12±50.79）ms]分别高于正常对照组[（144.72±37.17）ms]；C型1后其他数字虚报数高于Ⅰ型；Ⅰ型总虚报错误反应时间[（701.34±311.54） ms]显著长于C型[（512.57±279.22） ms],差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.2.时间进程比较：击中数、遗漏错误数、ⅡⅤ的被试类型主效应显著（F（2,65）分别为3.08,3.08,6.87,P＜0.05）；击中数、遗漏错误数、反应时间、ⅡⅤ的时间进程主效应显著（f（1.65）分别为12.60,12.60,12.30,30.46,P＜0.01）；C型和Ⅰ型Block2的反应时间[（501.82±112.47）ms,559.33±90.73）ms]显著长于Block1[（473.19±106.43）ms,523.45 ±99.86） ms]（P＜0.05）,而正常对照组差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 混合型ADHD存在注意缺陷和冲动及反应抑制缺陷；注意缺陷型ADHD为注意缺陷及信息加工速度慢；ADHD的反应速度更易受时间进程影响,ADHD两亚型儿童的认知损害模式不同.Objective To investigate the cognitive impairment and time-on-task characteristics of combined type（C type） and predominantly inattentive type （Ⅰ type） of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder（ADHD）.Methods 24 cases with C type ADHD,20 cases with Ⅰ type ADHD and 24 normal children were completed 2 Block period of continuous performance test task,with conducting a comparative analysis of the behavior results of three groups and block1 and block2.Results 1.three groups comparison：hit numbers of C type （64.37 ±5.29） and Ⅰ type （63.55 ±5.28） were lower than that of the normal control group（67.04 ±2.03） ; reaction time of Ⅰ type （540.33 ± 90.33） ms was longer than that of the normal control group （470.56 ± 95.39）ms; intra-individual variability（ⅡⅤ） of C type （174.24 ± 56.3）ms and Ⅰ type （201.12 ± 50.79）ms were higher than that of the normal control group（144.72 ± 37.17） ms.Commission errors of other figures after 1 of C type was higher than that of Ⅰ type; reaction time of commission errors of Ⅰ type[（701.34 ±311.54） ms] was longer than that of C type（（512.57 ± 279.22）ms）,and all the differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）.2.Timeon-task comparison：hit numbers,omission errors and ⅡⅤ had the significantly main effect of the type of subjects （P 〈 0.05） ; hit numbers,omission errors,reaction time and ⅡⅤ had the significantly main effect of time-on-task （P〈0.01） ; Block2 the reaction time of C type and Ⅰ type（（501.82 ± 112.47）ms,559.33 ± 90.73）ms） were significantly longer than that of Block1 （（473.19 ± 106.43） ms,（523.45 ± 99.86） ms） （P 〈 0.05）,while no significant difference （P〉0.05） in the normal control group.Conclusions C type ADHD has attention deficit and impulsivity and response inhibition defects.Ⅰ type ADHD has attention deficit and information processing capacity backward.Reaction rate of ADHD is more vulnerable to the impac

关 键 词：注意缺陷多动障碍 亚型 认知行为 时间进程 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]