生物生态集成技术去除村镇生活污水中总氮及化学需氧量研究  

Biological and Ecological Integration Technology for Removing TN and COD from Rural Domestic Sewage

作　　者：李金中[1] 李学菊[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市水利科学研究院,天津300061

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2013年第6期1238-1243,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：天津市科技支撑计划重点项目(12ZCZDSF01300);水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(200801100);水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201101060);水利部科技推广计划项目(TG1149);农业科技示范推广项目(201101034)

摘　　要：农村生活污水具有排放分散,以有机耗氧污染和氮、磷污染为主,生化降解性好,氮、磷含量高等特点,其处理要求低投资、低能耗、低运行费、维护简单,因而现有技术难以适应。为此,采用物理沉降、固定化微生物、太阳能增氧和人工湿地等多项技术优化集成,构建出一个高效低耗的链式生物生态净化系统,并在天津市蓟县刘相营村建成了日处理能力为4000m3·d-1的农村生活污水处理示范工程。通过近一年的监测结果表明,该集成工艺具有非常高的耐冲击负荷能力和净化效果:出水TN浓度稳定在0.82～1.4mg·L-1之间,去除率达到90.08%～98.68%;出水CODCr浓度稳定在30mg·L-1以下,去除率达到84.53%～96.74%。该示范工程截污减排效果明显,而且管理维护方便、能耗小、运行费用低。Although wastewater treatment technique had been developed for many years, there are few successful projects in treating rural sewage water were reported. It′s because of the variable collected wastewater quantity due to the scatter distributed discharge sources, as well as the requirements of low cost in building, running and maintaining the treatment system. However, the sewage water in rural area has the characteristics of high COD, high nitrogen and phosphorus and easily be biodegraded. According to those characteristics, in this paper we introduced a high efficiency and low cost treatment system which integrated the techniques of physical settlement, immobilized microorganism, solar energy driven aeration and artificial wetland linearly. Correspondingly a demonstrate project was constructed in Liu Xiangying Village with the capacity of 4000 m3 per day. After be treated by this system, the outlet water had steady nitrogen concentration around 0.82-1.4 mg·L^-1, and CODCr concentration was no more than 30 mg·L^-1. The rejection of TN and CODCr might reach 90.08%-98.69% and 84.53%-96.74% respectively. The cost of cleaning 1 m^3 sewage water was no more than 0.15 yuan RMB. This system could reach the requirements of easy maintained, low cost and high efficiency and was suitable for treating the rural area sewage water.

关 键 词：生活污水处理 固定化微生物 人工湿地 生物生态集成技术 TN去除率 COD去除率 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]