儿童孤独症278例发病危险因素研究  

Analysis about risk factors of autism disorder in 278 children

作　　者：何益群[1] 寻广磊[2] 马晓燕[1] 赵靖平[3] 

机构地区：[1]新乡医学院第二附属医院临床心身一科,河南新乡453002 [2]山东省精神卫生中心 [3]中南大学湘雅二医院精神卫生研究所,精神病与精神卫生学湖南省重点实验室

出　　处：《中华实用儿科临床杂志》2013年第11期860-863,共4页Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics

基　　金：河南省教育厅自然科学研究计划项目（2009A320008）

摘　　要：目的对儿童孤独症发病的高危因素进行初步探讨。方法选择孤独症患儿278例及健康对照儿童200例，采用自制调查表记录一般人口学资料及产前、产时和婴幼儿期的生长发育资料，并进行2组问比较。结果1．孤独症患儿的多项围生期和母孕期数据与健康儿童比较差异有统计学意义。Logistic回归发现：母亲生育年龄、父亲生育年龄、家庭负担、抚育者、妊娠反应、孕期服药史、分娩方式、养育方式、主要教导者、阳性家族史等项目纳入回归方程。2．回归方程中有临床意义的6项指标的组间优势比（OR）值从强到弱依次为母亲生育年龄〉30岁（OR=6．72）、阳性家族史（OR=5．80）、孕期服用药物（OR=4．65）、非自然分娩（OR=4．15）、父亲生育年龄〉30岁（OR=1．27）、妊娠反应中／重度（OR=1．04）。结论母亲生育年龄较大、家族史阳性、孕期服用药物、非自然分娩是儿童孤独症的主要危险因素，避免这些危险因素可能有助于降低孤独症的发生概率。Objective To explore the high risk factors of the etiology of autism disorder. Methods Two hun-dred and seventy-eight children with autism disorder and 200 healthy children were investigated with self-designed questionnaire to obtain their demographic information, pre- and perinatal information, developmental information in todd-ler period. All the data were compared between autism group and healthy controls. Results 1. There were significant differences in maternal prenatal data and perinatal data between autism group and healthy controls. Logistic regression analysis found that maternal/paternal reproductive age, family burden, caregiver, pregnancy reaction, drug administration in prenatal period, mode of delivery, chief instructor entered the regression equation. 2. The 6 items in regression equa-tion which had clinical significance consisted of maternal reproductive age above 30 years old [ odds ratio （OR） = 6. 72 ], family history of mental disorders （ OR = 5.80 ）, drug administration in prenatal period （ OR = 4.65 ）, non-natural childbirth （ OR = 4.15 ）, paternal reproductive age above 30 years old（ OR = 1.27 ）, moderate or serious pregnancy reac-tion （ OR = 1. 04）. Conclusions The main risk factors of autism disorder in pre- and perinatal period consists of mater-nal reproductive age above 30 years old, positive family history of mental disorders, drug administration in prenatal period and non-natural childbirth. Avoiding these risk factors might contribute to reduce the incidence of autism.

关 键 词：孤独症 危险因素 儿童 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]