奶牛乳房炎的细菌感染与奶中体细胞数及乳成分的关系  

Relationship of Bacterial Infection with Somatic Cell Count and Milk Composition in Dairy Cows with Mastitis

作　　者：甘宗辉[1] 杨章平[1] 李云龙[1] 毛永江[1] 刘贤慧[1] 陈飞 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,扬州225009 [2]上海牛奶集团海丰奶牛场有限公司,大丰224100

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2013年第6期972-979,共8页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(3127407);国家863项目(2008AA10Z144);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：为探索奶牛乳房炎的发病程度、细菌感染模式、菌落总数、乳成分、体细胞数之间的关系,对187头不同乳房炎发病程度的奶牛,利用鉴别培养基和平板计数法分别进行细菌感染模式鉴定和菌落总数计数,并同步进行隐性乳房炎检测和DHI检测,利用单因素方差分析,对以上因素进行研究。结果表明:(1)不同的细菌感染模式对乳蛋白率、乳脂率和体细胞数的影响不显著(P>0.05),对测定日产奶量的影响显著(P<0.05);(2)菌落总数对乳蛋白率影响不显著(P>0.05),对日产奶量、乳脂率、体细胞数的影响极显著(P<0.01);(3)同种细菌感染的模式下,不同的菌落总数含量对测定日产奶量、乳脂、乳蛋白率均有显著(P<0.05)的影响,对体细胞数的影响极显著(P<0.01);(4)不同等级的乳房炎感染情况对体细胞数、日产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率、菌落总数影响均显著(P<0.05);(5)体细胞数对测定日产奶量和乳脂率、乳蛋白率的影响差异极显著(P<0.01)。结果提示:菌落总数是奶牛受细菌侵染的主要指标,细菌的感染模式对乳成分及SCC没有显著影响,乳房炎的感染程度及体细胞数对乳成分有显著影响,生产上可以利用体细胞数和菌落总数监控奶牛场乳房炎风险及乳成分的变化。To explore the relationships of the degree of mastitis, total bacteria count, and bacteri- al infection pattern with milk composition and somatic cell count, the identifying medium and plate counting method were used for identification of bacteria and total bacteria count, and sub- clinical mastitis and dairy herd improvement （DHI） were also tested in 187 dairy cows with differ- ent degree of mastitis in this experiment. The results showed that. 1） Patterns of bacterial infec- tion exerted insignificant effects on somatic cell count, milk protein and fat rate （P〉0.05）, but had significant impact on the determination of daily milk yields （P〈0.05）; 2） Total bacteria count had no significant effect on protein content （P〉0.05）, but had extremely significant effect （P〈0.01） on daily milk yield, milk fat content and somatic cell count;3） Under the same bacte- rial infection pattern, total bacteria count had significant impact （P〈0.05） on the determination of daily milk yields, somatic cell count, milk protein and fat content：4） the degree of mastitishad significant effect （P〈0.05） on somatic cell count, daily milk yield, milk fat and protein con- tent, and the total bacteria count： 5）The somatic cell count had extremely significant effect （P〈 0.01） on daily milk yield milk fat and protein content. These findings demonstrated that pattern of bacterial infection exerted insignificant effects on somatic cell count, and the degree of mastitis and somatic cell count had significant effect on milk component. We could use somatic cell count and the total number of colonies to monitor the mastitis risks and the possible changes in milk composition.

关 键 词：细菌感染模式 菌落总数 隐型乳房炎 体细胞数 乳成分 

分 类 号：S857.26[农业科学—临床兽医学]