果园施肥用便携式电动挖穴机性能试验  

Performance test of hand-held electric hole-digger for fertilization in orchard

作　　者：杨洲[1,2] 陈朝海[1,2] 段洁利[1,2] 闫国琦[1,2] 潘学文[3] 严梁立[1,2] 刘嘉龙[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学南方农业机械与装备关键技术教育部重点实验室,广州510642 [2]华南农业大学工程学院,广州510642 [3]广东省农科院果树研究所,广州510640

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2013年第12期25-31,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：广东省扶持农业机械化发展专项(粤农计[2013]2号;粤财农[2012]608号);广东省高等学校高层次人才项目(粤财教[2011]431号);广东省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(粤财教[2009]356号);国家科技支撑计划项目课题(2011BAD20B10-2)

摘　　要：为满足丘陵山区果园机械挖穴施肥的需要,降低劳动强度,提高作业效率,该文以自行研制的便携式电动挖穴机为对象,以电动挖穴机的工作性能和使用者的劳动强度为试验指标,与手持式汽油挖穴机进行了对比试验。结果表明:前者与后者相比,工作效率提高33.8%;满负荷工作时噪声等级和左右手柄处振动加速度方根值分别降低25.2dB、95.1和170.3m/s2;操作人员作业时的平均心率值降低8次/min。对2种挖穴机使用的经济效益进行分析,得出以蓄电池寿命为周期的时间内,电动挖穴机和汽油挖穴机的使用综合成本分别为4645.6和7888.9元。研究结果可为现有手持式汽油挖穴机的改进和电动挖穴机的优化设计提供参考。In order to reduce labor intensity and improve efficiency of mechanical hole digger machinery,a portable hand-held electric hole digger was developed to meet the agronomic requirements of watering and fertilization.The operating performance of the developed hand-held electric hole digger was tested,and some main technical parameters of the machine（operational efficiency,noise,vibration acceleration,soil backfilling rate）,labor intensity of users,and the economic benefit of usage were selected as the test index.Furthermore,the performance of the electric hole digger was compared with a commonly used hand-held gasoline hole digger.The experimental results showed that：1） the operational efficiency of the electric hole digger was 76.6holes/h and the work efficiency of the hand-held gasoline hole digger was 57.3holes/h,which improved 33.8percent.2） The noise of the electric hole digger was 75.45dB and the noise of the hand-held gasoline hole digger was 100.65dB under full load working condition,which reduced 25.2dB.3） The vibration acceleration of left and right hand shanks of the electric hole digger were 34.3m/s2 and 41.8m/s2 and the vibration acceleration of left and right hand shanks of the hand-held gasoline hole digger were 129.4m/s2 and 210.6m/s2 on full load operating condition,which reduced 95.1m/s2 and 168.8m/s2.At the same time,the value of vibration acceleration coefficient variation is bigger for the three identified conditions of the gasoline hole digger,and its vibration is intense.4） The soil backfilling rate was 7.7% for the electric hole digger and 11.5% for the gasoline hole digger.The performance improvement of the electric hole digger depends on its special features,including portable operation（the machine weighs 15kg）,lower noise（the noise level of full load operating condition was 75.45dB）,smooth operation（the handle vibration acceleration values were 34.3m/s2 in the left handle and 41.8m/s2 in the right handle）,and appropriate operating speed（maximum speed 265r/min�

关 键 词：农业机械 振动 试验 电动挖穴机 

分 类 号：S224.21[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S776.262[农业科学—农业工程]