益生元与肠道微生态  

Prebiotics and gut microbial ecosystem

作　　者：沈定树[1] 郑静[1] 

机构地区：[1]台州医院检验科,浙江台州317000

出　　处：《中国微生态学杂志》2013年第6期742-744,共3页Chinese Journal of Microecology

摘　　要：益生元是一种非消化的成分,通过选择性的剌激肠道中一种或少数种益生菌的增长和/或活性而对宿主有利。具有抵抗致病菌侵入的天然功能。目前广泛研究的有果糖和半乳糖,体内与体外试验均表明不被正常人酶类所消化,在大肠中容易发酵,粪便内未能检出这种糖的成分。通过大肠细菌对益生元的发酵产生的短链脂肪酸是剌激双歧杆菌和乳杆菌增长的重要因素。应用现代技术获得了人肠道微生物细菌群的组成与种类的多样性。本文综述有关益生元的研究状况,强调益生元选择性剌激的机制和对人生理功能的影响。A prebiotic is ＂a non-digestible food ingredient that beneficially affects the host by selectively stimulating the growth and/or the activity of one or a limited number of bacteria in the colon.＂,thereby,increase the body＇s natural resistance to invading pathogens.The prebiotic carbohydrates that have been evaluated in humans at present largely consist of fructans or galactans.There is consistent evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies that these are not digested by normal human enzymes,but are readily fermented by anaerobic bacteria in the large intestine.There are no reports of faecal recovery of measurable quantities of prebiotic carbohydrates.Through fermentation in the large intestine,prebiotic carbohydrates yield short-chain fatty acids,stimulate the growth of many bacterial species in addition to the selective effects on lactobacilli and bifidobacteria.New methods are being applied extensively to human gut microbiology and promote the degree of reliability required to detect subtle changes in colonic microflora composition and to correlate such changes with health benefits.This paper reviewed the present status of studies concerning prebiotics,with emphasis on the mechanisms of selective growth stimulation,and physiologic effects.

关 键 词：益生元 肠道微生态 生理影响 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]