荧光原位杂交分析小麦-簇毛麦杂种减数分裂与染色体易位  

Fluorescence in situ Hybridization Applied to the Meiotic Analysis and Spontaneous Chromosome Translocation in the Pollen Mother Cells of Hybrids of Triticum-Haynaldia

作　　者：李义文[1] 李洪杰[1] 梁辉[1] 唐顺学[1] 贾双娥[1] 沈天民 李振声[1] 贾旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遗传研究所植物细胞与染色体工程国家重点实验室,北京100101 [2]河南省兰考县豫东农作物展览中心,兰考475300

出　　处：《Acta Genetica Sinica》2000年第4期317-324,共8页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!39770517;中国科学院重大项目!KY-A_1-302-01-03

摘　　要：利用基因组ＤＮＡ荧光原位杂交技术详细地研究了小麦－簇毛麦杂种染色体的减数分裂和配对行为．结果表明，在中期Ｉ，小麦和簇毛麦染色体多呈两个单价体，在０．３％的ＰＭＣ中小麦与簇毛麦染色体发生配对；在后期Ｉ时，单价体错分裂频率为 ３２．７％～ ３７．５％，另有 ０．７％的小麦－簇毛麦染色体重组易位出现；后期Ⅱ时，断裂染色体的频率为２０．５％～２２．４％，还发现有０．８２％～１．７２％的自发易位染色体形成。此外，观察了前期Ｉ的簇毛麦染色体形态，统计了四分体和小孢子中小麦和簇毛麦染色质微核频率。最后，对自发易位染色体形成的时期和簇毛麦染色体在小麦背景下的传递率进行了讨论。Fluorescence in situ hybridization was applied to the meiotic analysis and chromosome pairing in the pollen mother cells of hybrids of Triticum-Haynaldia. The results indicated that most (90.5%~93.2%) of the PMCs of two Triticum- Haynaldia hybrids contained two univalents involving one Haynaldia chromosome at metaphase I, and only 1 of 320 PMCs with homoeologous pairing between one wheat chromosome and one Haynaldia chromosome was observed in the hybrid of Guinong 22×common wheat Chinese Spring, the frequency was 0.3%. The frequencies of the PMCs with mis-dividing chromosome ranged from 32.7% to 37.5% at anaphase I and from 20.5% to 24.4% at anaphase Ⅱ in the hybrids between Triticum-Haynaldia. The frequency of Haynaldia chromatin translocating into Triticum chromosome was about 0.7% at anaphase I in the hybrid of Guinong 22× common wheat Chinese Spring and was 0.8%-1.7% at anaphase Ⅱ in two wheat-Haynaldia hybrids. Otherwise, the chromosome morphology involving Haynaldia chromatin was observed at preleptotene I, and the frequencies of chromatin nucleus at tetrad stage and at microspore stage were investigated. The time of chromosome translocation in meiosis and the transmitting frequencies of Haynaldia chromosome in wheat background were discussed.

关 键 词：减数分裂 基因组原位杂交 染色体易位 

分 类 号：Q789[生物学—分子生物学]