论提单中载入首要条款的必要性  

Analysis on necessity to add paramount clause in bills of lading

作　　者：董水清[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学国际法学院,上海200042

出　　处：《中国海商法研究》2013年第2期29-34,共6页Chinese Journal of Maritime Law

摘　　要：提单的法律适用是提单争议中首先要解决的问题,往往也是最难以解决的问题之一,主要原因是提单中涉及到法律选择的条款多而且杂,这其中最具争议的是首要条款。针对首要条款的效力,不同的国家有不同的态度。首要条款存在的目的是确保某一国际公约或国内法得到适用,从首要条款与其他条款的效力位阶出发,以缔约国"条约必守"的国际义务和非缔约国的冲突法规则为基础进行分析,得出结论:首要条款在大多数情况下没有强制载入提单的必要性。The application of law is an issue that must be solved in the first place in disputes concerning bills of lading and is also one of the most difficult one due to the fact that there are many complicated clauses involved in choice of law in bills of lading, especially the paramount clause. Different countries have different attitudes on the effectiveness of the paramount clause. The purpose of the paramount clause is to ensure that an international convention or national law is applicable. This paper, from the perspective of the effectiveness of the paramount clause and other clauses, basing analysis on the internation- al obligations of ＂pacta sunt servanda＂ of contracting party and the conflict laws of non-contracting party, obtains the conclu- sion that there is no need to make it mandatory to add a paramount clause in bills of lading in most cases.

关 键 词：首要条款 《海牙规则》 法律选择条款 提单 

分 类 号：DF961.9[政治法律—国际法学]