计算机模型应用于化学教学的若干策略  

Strategies of Computer Models-Based Teaching of Chemistry

作　　者：张恒露[1] 韦斯林[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学材料与化学化工学院

出　　处：《化学教育》2013年第7期62-66,共5页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

基　　金：浙江省教育技术研究规划课题“基于计算机模型的探究性学习环境的实践与探索”(JB003);杭州师范大学项目“学习者为中心的化学计算机模型的设计、应用与国际比较研究”(2011QDL35)

摘　　要：学生难以建立宏观一微观符号三重表征及其它们之间的相互联系，造成大量的化学错误概念及学习障碍。为解决这一问题，国外学者广泛运用计算机模型于化学教学中，并取得良好效果，但国内相关研究相对滞后。论文在实证研究基础上，提炼出计算机模型应用于中学化学的若干教学策略，并结合具体教学案例加以阐述。这些策略包括：（1）创设问题情境，启发学生思维；（2）呈现宏微现象，理解科学知识；（3）训练科学方法，提高探究能力；（4）引导反思质疑，理解模型本质；（5）自主建构模型，增强建模技能。论文最后提出几条教学建议。A large body of research shown difficulties for students to establish macroscopic, microscopic, and symbolic representation and effective connections among them, which leads to students＇ a large number of misconceptions and learning disabilities in chemistry. To solve this problem, numerous scholars in west countries widely used computer models in chemistry teach- ing and achieved significant improvement. However, research in such field in China is pretty lag- ging behind. Based on empirical research, this paper summarized serial computer model-based teaching strategies in high school chemistry, and further discussed them with exampling related concrete teaching cases. These strategies include： using computer models to （a） create problem situations to inspire students thinking; （b） present the macro and micro phenomenon to help students understand scientific knowledge; （c） engage students in scientific methods and improve their inquiry ability; （d） guide students＇ questioning and reflection to deepen their understanding on the nature of science models; （e） construct model and enhance students＇ modeling skills. In the last part, we proposed some suggestions on computer model-based teaching in chemistry.

关 键 词：计算机模型 多重表征 教学策略 化学教学 

分 类 号：O69-4[理学—化学] TP399-C1[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]