晚期肿瘤患者医院感染部位及其危险因素分析  

Study of types and risk factors of nosocomial infections in advanced cancer patients

作　　者：刘睿[1] 曹晓艳[1] 杨照环[1] 张志[1] 

机构地区：[1]唐山市工人医院肿瘤放化疗科,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2013年第13期3118-3120,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81101483)

摘　　要：目的分析晚期肿瘤患者医院感染类型及危险因素,为临床制定有效地防治措施提供参考。方法选择医院2010年11月-2012年10月收治的晚期肿瘤患者152例,观察患者治疗过程中是否发生医院感染,统计感染类型并分析患者感染发生的危险因素。结果 152例患者发生医院感染49例,感染率为32.2%,医院感染以肺感染为主,其次为口腔、泌尿系统感染,分别占38.8%、26.5%、14.3%;感染患者中年龄≥60岁、卡氏评分<60分、住院时间≥14d、合并糖尿病及化疗≥4周期的构成比分别为51.0%、59.2%、42.9%、49.0%、38.8%,均明显高于未感染者的33.0%、40.8%、26.2%、31.1%、23.3%,组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论晚期肿瘤患者的医院感染发生率较高,患者的年龄、住院时间、卡氏评分、糖尿病及化疗周期数均为发生医院感染的危险因素,临床工作者可提出相应的预防对策,减少感染的发生。OBJECTIVE To analyze the types and risk factors of nosocomial infections in the advanced cancer patients so as to provide reference information for making the effective prevention and treatment measures.METHODS From Nov 2010to Oct 2012,152cases of advanced cancer patients,who were treated in the hospital,were enrolled in the study,then the incidence of nosocomial infections was observed during the treatment,the types of the infections were taken for statistics,and the risk factors of the infections were analyzed.RESULTS The nosocomial infections occurred in 49patients with the incidence rate of 32.2%,the pulmonary infections were dominant（38.8%）,followed by the oral infections（26.5%）and the urinary tract infections（14.3%）.Among the patients with infections,the constituent ratios of the patients aged more than 60years ole,the patients with Karnofsky score less than 60points,the patients with the length of hospital stay more than 14days,the patients complicated with diabetes,and the patients with the chemotherapy more than 4cycles were respectively 51.0%,59.2%,42.9%,49.0%,and 38.8%,significantly higher than 33.0%,40.8%,26.2%,31.1%,and 23.3%of the patients without infections,the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.CONCLUSIONThe incidence of nosocomial infections is high in the advanced cancer patients.The age,length of hospital stay,Karnofsky score,diabetes,and the number of cycles of chemotherapy are all the risk factors for nosocomial infections,the clinicians should propose appropriate preventive measures to reduce the incidence of infections.

关 键 词：肿瘤 晚期 医院感染 危险因素 

分 类 号：R730.1[医药卫生—肿瘤]