古汉语中位移动词的变读问题研究  

A Study of Phonetic Changes of Translational Verbs in Ancient Chinese: The Types, Conditions, Rules and Causes

作　　者：王月婷 

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学人文学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《语言研究》2013年第3期73-86,共14页Studies in Language and Linguistics

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目"古汉语变读规律及不变读原因研究"(12CYY032);教育部人文社科青年基金项目"古汉语变读构词问题的进一步探讨--变与不变;是语法还是词义"(11YJC740110)

摘　　要：文章采用Talmy等分析运动事件提出的语义要素,研究古汉语中位移动词读音的改变跟句法、语义的关系,发现了三种颇具特色的变读类型:[-有界]动词,聚焦域在运动过程,增加[向量到达/经过]义素、增带处所宾语,变读为[+有界]动词;[+有界]动词,如果聚焦域在界,则该动词涉及动作的完成:瞬间可以完成的,有使动/致使变读,即增加[使动/致使]义素、增带致事主语、改变读音;持续一段时间后完成的,有完成体变读,即增加[完成]义素、改变读音。According to Talmy＇s analysis of motion event semantic components, the present paper analyses the phonetic changes of ancient Chinese verbs and the relationships with syntax and semantics. Three distinctive types of phonetic changes have been found： （1） Phonetic Changes which increase the component of [vector]： For a non-boundary verb whose focus of attention is at motion process, it increases the semantic component of the [vector], and is followed by the object of place,then it becomes a boundary verb with phonetic changes. （2） Phonetic Changes which increase the semantic component of [cause]： For a boundary verb focusing on boundary, if it is instantaneous, the semantic component of [cause] is increased, a subject indicating a causer is added and its pronunciation is changed simultaneously. （3）Phonetic Changes which increase the semantic component of [complete]： For a boundary verb focusing on boundary, if it is continuous, the semantic component of [complete] is increased, its pronunciation is changed and it results in perfective aspect.

关 键 词：古汉语 位移动词 变读 形态 

分 类 号：H113[语言文字—汉语] H141