车载吸收式制冷机冷却系统的优化设计——双箱式冷却系统的设计  

Optimization of the Cooling System for the Automotive Absorption Refrigeration System

作　　者：袁晗[1] 陈国兴[1] 丁帅[1] 刘益才[1] 李世平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学能源科学与工程学院,长沙410083

出　　处：《制冷》2013年第1期7-13,共7页Refrigeration

摘　　要：作为一种低品位能源回收制冷器一溴化锂吸收式制冷机在余热利用特别是在汽车的余热利用方面已逐渐步人正轨。但由于其自身制冷特点的限制，在现行以汽车废热为热源的制冷过程中不可避免会遇到体积过于庞大、效率非常低下的问题。针对这一问题，本文从冷却方式上人手，通过仔细研究了容器冷却效果和制冷效率的关系，设计出双箱式中间冷却系统，在保持原冷却系统结构的同时，消除了多余冷却温升，使新循环放气范围比原有循环增加2．1％～2．6％，发生器的热负荷与吸收器的热负荷均得到20％左右的降低，能效比提高了14．6％～24．5％，内部换热面积节省16．1％一37．9％。最后我们以卡车为实施主体，通过Pro／F5．0进行与实物等比例的三维建模，直观地展示了制冷系统与发动机的耦合关系，并证明方案很好的解决了原有体积问题，能够更好的实现车载溴冷机安装和布置，从而大大提高汽车余热利用型吸收式制冷推广的可行性。As a kind of low - grade energy utilization chiller, Lithium bromide absorption refrigeration is on the fight track for the utilization of waste heat, especially the utilization of waste heat of the cars＇. However, due to the limitation of its own characteristics, the whole system＇s volume is oversized and the efficiency is relatively low when using the traditional cooling system. In order to solve this problem, careful research of the cooling system has been conducted, during which we lind out the relationship between the container＇s cooling effect and cooling efficiency, and come up with the double box cooling cycle. While maintaining the structure of the traditional system, it eliminates superfluous cooling temperature rise, so that the new cycle＇s differential concentration？ has increased 2.1% - 2.6% than the previous ones, the heat load of the generator and absorber is about 20%lower respectively, energy efficiency improved by 14.6% - 24.5%, the internal heat transfer area have decreased 16.1% - 37.9%. Finally, a three - dimensional modeling of heavy truck and absorption refrigeration system by Pro/E5.0, shows the coupling relationship between engine and cooling system directly, and proves that the scheme has solved the oversized problem, and the refrigeration system can be installed perfectly. Thus, the feasi- bility of promoting absorption refrigeration driven by automotive waste heat has been greatly improved.

关 键 词：吸收式制冷 双箱式冷却 小型化 

分 类 号：TB61[一般工业技术—制冷工程]