防治蔬菜灰霉病解淀粉芽胞杆菌的分离鉴定及抑菌特性  

Screening and Identification of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens against Vegetable Botrytis cinerea and Its Antimicrobial Characteristics

作　　者：吕钊[1,2] 张丽萍[2,3] 程辉彩[2,3] 尹淑丽[2,3] 张根伟[2,3] 赵宝华[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学生命科学学院,石家庄050016 [2]河北省科学院生物研究所,石家庄050081 [3]河北省主要农作物病害微生物控制工程技术研究中心,石家庄050081

出　　处：《农药》2013年第7期490-493,共4页Agrochemicals

基　　金：国家星火计划(2012GA620022);河北省科学院重大支撑项目(12306)

摘　　要：[目的]为研制防治蔬菜灰霉病的新型生物农药,进行高效生防菌的分离筛选及抑菌特性研究。[方法]通过形态学、生理生化和16S rDNA序列分析,对拮抗菌进行鉴定;采用平板扩散法测定发酵液的抑菌特性。[结果]分离筛选出1株对黄瓜灰霉病具有高效拮抗作用解淀粉芽胞杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens);该菌株在生长对数期产生抗菌物质,并在30-38 h达到最大值;产生的抗菌物质有很好的热、酸碱稳定性,紫外线照射不敏感,常温储存6个月活性保持在80%以上;抗菌谱测定表明其对黄瓜灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)、番茄叶霉病菌(Fulvia fulva)、黄瓜炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum orbiculare)、番茄早疫病菌(Alternaria solani)等多种病原菌具有显著抑菌效果。[结论]该菌株所产抗菌物质性能稳定,抗菌谱宽,抑菌力强,具有开发成新型广谱生物农药的潜力。[Aims] In order to develop a new biological pesticide against vegetable Botrytis cinerea,highly active antagonistic bacteria were screened and the antibacterial properties were investigated.[Methods] The strain was identified based on the morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics and the 16S rDNA sequence,agar plate diffusion method was adopted to determinate the antibacterial properties of the fermentation broth.[Results] The strain isolated and screened from soil was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens which had a highly activities antagonistic against B.cinerea.The antibacterial activity substance excreted by strain was produced in the logarithmic growth phase,and reached the highest between 30 to 38 hours.It got a thermal stability and pH stability,and was not sensitive to Ultraviolet.Stored for 6 months at room temperature the activity was maintained more than 80%.It had a highly active against B.cinerea,Alternaria solani,Fulvia fulva,Colletotrichum orbiculare and many other pathogenic bacteria.[Conclusions] The strain can be developed as a promising bio-control bacterium strain.

关 键 词：蔬菜灰霉病 解淀粉芽胞杆菌 筛选 鉴定 抑菌特性 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S436.3[农业科学—植物保护]