基于GIS的区域干旱灾害风险区划研究  

A GIS-based Approach to Regional Drought Risk Zoning

作　　者：刘航[1] 蒋尚明[2] 金菊良[1,3] 郦建强[4] 周玉良[1,3] 刘丽[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学土木与水利工程学院,安徽合肥230009 [2]安徽省水利部淮委水利科学研究院水利水资源安徽省重点实验室,安徽蚌埠233000 [3]合肥工业大学水资源与环境系统工程研究所,安徽合肥230009 [4]水利部水利水电规划设计总院,北京100011

出　　处：《灾害学》2013年第3期198-203,共6页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71273081;51109052);水利部重大基建前期项目"全国干旱区划及旱灾风险评估研究";水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201001043;200901026);中国气象局成都高原气象开放实验室基金课题(LPM2011002)

摘　　要：根据自然灾害风险理论,从致灾因子危险性、孕灾环境暴露性、承灾体易损性、防灾减灾能力等4个子系统选取指标,建立干旱灾害风险指数模型,结合GIS中自然断点分类法进行聚类分析,全面综合地分析各地区相关性和差异性。以淮河流域为研究实例,根据拟定的区划原则,采用"自下而上"和"自上而下"相结合的区划方法,将淮河流域分为6个旱灾风险分区,并对区划结果进行分析,为因地制宜地采取工程和非工程的防灾减灾措施,提供参考依据。Based on the risk theory of natural disasters, eleven indicators are selected from the four sub-sys- tems, including the danger of disaster-causing factors, sensitivity of disaster-formative environments, vulnerability of disaster-bearing body and ability of disaster prevention. A drought disaster risk index model is developed in this paper to comprehensively analyze the regional relevance and difference by combining cluster analysis with natural breakpoint classification in GIS. Taking the Huaihe River Basin as the example, according to the proposed zoning principles, it was divided into six drought risk zones using the zoning method combining bottom-up with top-down. The regionalization results can provide the reference for engineering and non-engineering measures of disaster pre- vention and mitigation.

关 键 词：干旱灾害风险 区划 地理信息系统 淮河流域 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]