学龄儿童微量元素锌、铁膳食水平与感染易感性关系  

Effects of trace elements of Zn,Fe intake on susceptibility of infectious diseases in children

作　　者：唐咏梅[1] 杨猛[1] 宁鸿珍[1] 周瑞华[1] 刘辉[1] 刘英莉[1] 李碧[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北联合大学公共卫生学院河北省煤矿卫生与安全实验室,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2013年第7期975-978,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：河北省医学科学研究重点课题计划资助项目(08178)

摘　　要：目的了解学龄儿童铁(Fe)、锌(Zn)膳食水平及其对感染易感性的影响。方法选取1 023名1～6年级学生进行一般情况、膳食摄入和反复呼吸道感染(RRTI)患病情况调查和评价;每年级抽取1个班共262名学生经家长知情同意后采静脉血测定免疫功能指标。结果学龄儿童Zn平均摄入量达到推荐摄入量(RNI)的60%～80%,各年龄段摄入充足的仅占20%～30%,Fe的摄入量达适宜摄入量(AI)的100%～180%,但来源于血红素铁仅占9.9%;儿童免疫指标CD3+细胞百分比、CD4+/CD8+和IgA水平均低于参考值,患反复呼吸道感染率为13%;当Zn摄入水平分别达到80%RNI、80%RNI、60%RNI、40%RNI以上时,受其影响的CD4+、CD4+/CD8+、IgA、IgM等免疫指标水平分别达到正常值范围;当Fe摄入水平分别达到200%AI、120%AI、160%AI以上时,受其影响的CD3+、IgA和IgM水平分别达到正常值范围。结论 >50%学龄儿童Zn摄入不足,Fe食物来源较差;Zn、Fe摄入水平分别至少≥80%RNI和≥200%AI时,各免疫指标才能维持在正常水平。Objective To examine the effects of children’s nutrition condition of zinc（Zn） and iron（Fe） on status of immunization indicators.Methods A total of 1 023 students of 1-6 grades were investigated about their general state of health,5 days diet and 1 month food frequency,recurrent respiratory tract infection（RRTI） status and 262 children’s immune indicators were determined after informing the consent to their parents.Results The average intakes of Zn,Fe were 60%-80% of the recommended nutrient intake（RNI） and the rates of adequate intake（AI） were 20%-30%.The intake of Fe was adequate,but only 9.9% of the Fe was from heme-iron.The results of immunization indicator detects showed that the percentages of CD3＋ cells,the ratio of CD4＋/ CD8＋,IgA,and IgM were all below the reference value among the students.The incidence of RRTI was 12.6 %.The CD4＋,CD4＋/CD8＋,IgA and IgM were at the normal level for the students with the Zn intake level ≥80% of RNI or the Fe intake level ≥200% of AI.Conclusion The intakes of Zn and hme-iron were lower for the most of the students.The studetns immune levels are normal when their Zn intake ≥80% of RNI or their Fe intake ≥200% of AI.

关 键 词：学龄儿童 铁 锌 摄入量 免疫指标 回归分析 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]