面向西方世界的诉求与告白——新渡户稻造的《武士道》与明治日本  

The Appeals and Confessions to the Western World: Nitobe Inazo's Bushido and Japan in Meiji Period

作　　者：戴宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学东北亚研究院

出　　处：《东北亚论坛》2013年第4期65-72,129,共8页Northeast Asia Forum

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目"传统的继承和创造--日本明治时期武士道论研究"(09BSS009)

摘　　要：如何取得西方世界的认同,进而迈入其行列之中是明治日本的一个重要课题,而明治日本的这一时代诉求也必然会反映在新渡户稻造的《武士道》一书中,因为归根结底《武士道》是一部表达了明治日本人对西方世界之诉求的书。在该书的字里行间,我们能够深切感受到新渡户稻造所流露出的欲消除西方世界对日本所抱有的"偏见"和"误解"的焦灼意识,这无疑在深层次上喻示着《武士道》一书的主题和本质。如果从这一角度对新渡户稻造的《武士道》加以重新审视和解读的话,我们就会发现与其说该书是一部有关"武士道"的书,莫如说其实际上是一部以"武士道"的名义来宣扬日本精神和日本伦理道德的书。该书所产生的影响不仅在于其向西方世界展示了日本的"优秀特质",更为重要的是该书在客观上使一种"理想化的武士道"作为国民道德而被树立起来,给日本人提供了一种可以憧憬和向往的道德目标。One of the most important tasks of Japan in Meiji period is how to gain the recognition from western world and then to be one of them.This appeal in Meiji period is absolutely included in Nitobe Inazo's book Bushido which comes down to be a book reflecting the appeals of Japanese in Meiji period to the western world.In this book,we can feel Nitobe Inazo's deep worries and anxieties to eliminate western world's 'prejudices' and 'misunderstanding' towards Japan,implying the theme and nature of Bushido in deep sense.If we study and analyze Nitobe Inazo's book Bushido from this aspect,we will find that it is a book to publicize Japanese spirits and moral principles in the name of 'Bushido' rather than a book related to 'Bushido'.The effect of this book is profound.It not only shows Japanese 'excellent characteristics' to the western world.And more importantly,this book turns 'idealized Bushido' into national ethics objectively,which provides Japanese with a moral objective to yearn and long for.

关 键 词：西方世界 诉求与告白 新渡户稻造 《武士道》 国民道德 明治日本 

分 类 号：G03[文化科学]