汉族与维族护生掌握骨质疏松相关知识的比较研究  

Comparative Study on Osteoporosis Knowledge of Han and Wei Nurse Students

作　　者：夏茹意[1] 张银萍[1] 张蓓[1] 李小妹[1] 徐洪海[2] 郭雄[3] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学院护理系,陕西西安710061 [2]西安交通大学附属第三医院骨科,陕西西安710061 [3]西安交通大学医学院公共卫生系,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《西北医学教育》2013年第4期802-805,811,共5页Northwest Medical Education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81100628);陕西省社会发展科技攻关基金(2010K16-01)的部分资助

摘　　要：目的了解实习前汉族与维(吾尔)族护生对骨质疏松相关知识的知晓水平、其知识来源途径、学习意愿及内容,为骨质疏松相关健康教育提供理论依据。方法采用现况调查研究,对136名实习前护生(汉族和维族护生各68例),采用问卷调查的形式进行研究,调查内容包括一般资料,如年龄、身高、体重等,骨质疏松知识问卷(OKAT)含20个条目,总分为20分,骨质疏松知识获取途径及学习意愿问卷,含8个条目。采用t检验及χ2检验对两组数据进行比较分析。结果实习前汉族护生掌握骨质疏松知识(9.63±3.28)显著高于维族护生(7.34±3.16),t=4.16,P<0.001。20个知识条目中,汉族和维族护生在涉及到疾病危险因素、预防知识等7个条目上差异显著(P<0.05)。汉族与维族护生期望获得骨质疏松知识的前三个途径均涉及"通过教师;通过医生护士;通过电视/电影了解骨质疏松知识",希望学习的内容均主要涉及骨质疏松预防知识,治疗知识、疾病主要危害方面的知识。结论实习前维族与汉族护生在骨质疏松知识水平存在差异,提示健康教育者需要关注不同民族护生骨健康,针对性地设置相应的课程形式,增加护生骨质疏松知识,以促进护生自身骨健康及为服务对象提供适宜的骨健康知识。Objective We aimed to provide the theoretic basis for osteoporosis health education via com-paring the levels of osteoporosis related knowledge in Han and Wei nurse students before clinical prac-tice, understanding their knowledge resources, study willing and content. Methods The Cross-sec-tional research design was applied. The questionnaire covers 3 parts： demographic data part, the Os-teoporosis Assessment Tool （OKAT, 20 items with a total score of 20） and a sub-questionnaire about the knowledge resources, learning willing and contents including 8 items. A t-test and X^2 test was used to compare the difference between the Han and Wei nurse students. Results The Han subjects and Wei subjects before clinical practice had an average score of 9. 63±3.28 and 7. 34±3.16, respectively. The average score of Han subjects was significantly higher than Wei subjects（t=4. 16, P〈0. 001）. A-mong the 20 items tested in osteoporosis knowledge, there were 7 items significantly different be-tween the two groups. These items refer to the risk factors, preventive knowledge etc. The primary expected knowledge resources for both Han and Wei subjects were ＂Via teacher, Via doctors and nur-ses and via TV/Films, and the expected learning contents were preventive knowledge, treatment knowledge and the hurt of the disease＂. Conclusion The osteoporosis knowledge level was different be-tween Han and Wei subjects. The results implied that the health instructors should care the bone health in various ethnic groups, via setting correspondent class to improve the nurse＇s knowledge, further improve the nurse＇s awareness and ability to increase their own bone health and provide the adequate bone health knowledge for their clients.

关 键 词：骨质疏松 护生 知识 汉族 维族 

分 类 号：G642.45[文化科学—高等教育学]